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Old TestamentPoetry

Psalms

150Chapters
2,461Verses
1Notes
0Reflections
Book Introduction

The Psalms are Israel's prayer book and songbook, one hundred fifty poems gathered across centuries into five books that echo the five books of Moses. Here the whole range of human experience is turned Godward: exuberant praise, raw lament, royal coronation, penitent confession, quiet trust, even cries for justice that startle modern ears. David's name stands over almost half of them, but shepherds, exiles, and temple singers all contribute. The collection moves broadly from lament toward praise, ending in a cascade of hallelujahs. For millennia, believers have found their own voice by borrowing these words.

Author

David and many others: Asaph, Korah's sons, Solomon, Moses; some anonymous.

Date

Composed c. 1400–400 BC; collected after the exile.

Audience

Israel at worship, and every generation of praying people since.

Purpose

To give God's people inspired words for every season of life, turning praise, lament, and trust into prayer.

Key Themes
Praise and worshipLament and trustThe Lord reignsThe blessed lifeMessianic hopeGod's steadfast love
Book Outline
1–41Book I: David's early psalms
42–72Book II: the king and the kingdom
73–89Book III: crisis and covenant questions
90–106Book IV: the Lord reigns
107–150Book V: thanksgiving rising to praise
Key Verses
ALL CHAPTERS150 chapters
1
Psalm 1 introduces the Psalter as a wisdom poem depicting...
2
Psalm 2 is a royal coronation psalm celebrating the king'...
3
Psalm 3 is a lament of trust depicting David's flight fro...
4
Psalm 4 shifts from physical danger to internal distress,...
5
Psalm 5 is a morning lament of petition in which the psal...
6
Psalm 6 is an individual lament expressing deep physical ...
7
Psalm 7 is a lament of confidence in which the psalmist t...
8
Psalm 8 is a hymn of praise celebrating human dignity and...
9
Psalm 9 is a thanksgiving hymn and psalm of praise recoun...
10
Psalm 10 is an individual lament in which the psalmist qu...
11
Psalm 11 is a trust rejecting fear-based escape in favor ...
12
Psalm 12 is a lament invoking God's justice against decei...
13
Psalm 13 is a brief lament expressing abandonment yet fin...
14
Psalm 14 is a wisdom depicting the fool's practical athei...
15
Psalm 15 is a wisdom establishing entrance liturgy criter...
16
Psalm 16 is a trust celebrating covenant relationship and...
17
Psalm 17 is a lament of confidence appealing to God for v...
18
Psalm 18 is a royal thanksgiving celebrating God's cosmic...
19
Psalm 19 is a creation and Torah integrating creation tes...
20
Psalm 20 is a royal blessing praying for the king's victo...
21
Psalm 21 is a royal hymn celebrating the king's strength ...
22
Psalm 22 is a lament and praise expressing profound aband...
23
Psalm 23 is a trust depicting God's protective guidance a...
24
Psalm 24 is a processional hymn celebrating God's kingshi...
25
Psalm 25 is a lament and prayer expressing vulnerability ...
26
Psalm 26 is a confidence protesting innocence and appeali...
27
Psalm 27 is a confidence and lament combining unshakeable...
28
Psalm 28 is a lament and thanksgiving shifting rapidly fr...
29
Psalm 29 is a hymn celebrating God's majestic power manif...
30
Psalm 30 is a thanksgiving expressing gratitude for deliv...
31
Psalm 31 is a lament expressing deep distress and social ...
32
Psalm 32 is a wisdom celebrating the blessing of forgiven...
33
Psalm 33 is a hymn celebrating God's creative power and d...
34
Psalm 34 is a wisdom combining thanksgiving with instruct...
35
Psalm 35 is a lament with imprecations expressing urgent ...
36
Psalm 36 is a wisdom meditation contrasting the wickednes...
37
Psalm 37 is a wisdom meditating on the contrast between w...
38
Psalm 38 is a penitential lament expressing remorse for s...
39
Psalm 39 is a meditation reflecting on human mortality an...
40
Psalm 40 is a thanksgiving and petition celebrating perso...
41
Psalm 41 is a lament and prayer addressing healing from i...
42
Psalm 42 is a spiritual longing expressing yearning for G...
43
Psalm 43 is a lament and petition continuing themes of Ps...
44
Psalm 44 is a communal lament expressing community's dist...
45
Psalm 45 is a royal wedding celebrating the king's marria...
46
Psalm 46 is a hymn of confidence celebrating God's protec...
47
Psalm 47 is a hymn celebrating God's kingship over all na...
48
Psalm 48 is a hymn celebrating Mount Zion as God's holy c...
49
Psalm 49 is a wisdom meditating on wealth's futility, mor...
50
Psalm 50 is a covenant lawsuit invoking God's judgment ag...
51
Psalm 51 is a penitential lament expressing profound remo...
52
Psalm 52 is a judgment oracle condemning the deceitful pe...
53
Psalm 53 is a wisdom depicting universal depravity and Go...
54
Psalm 54 is a lament and prayer expressing confidence in ...
55
Psalm 55 is a lament expressing anguish of betrayal by in...
56
Psalm 56 is a lament and prayer expressing fear amid pers...
57
Psalm 57 is a lament and prayer appealing for protection ...
58
Psalm 58 is a judgment psalm invoking God's justice again...
59
Psalm 59 is a lament invoking protection against pursuing...
60
Psalm 60 is a communal lament responding to military defe...
61
Psalm 61 is a individual prayer appealing for protection ...
62
Psalm 62 is a meditation on trust offering calming reassu...
63
Psalm 63 is a prayer of longing expressing deep spiritual...
64
Psalm 64 is a lament invoking protection from enemies who...
65
Psalm 65 is a thanksgiving celebrating God as both answer...
66
Psalm 66 is a community thanksgiving celebrating God's mi...
67
Psalm 67 is a blessing prayer invoking God's favor for pe...
68
Psalm 68 is a hymn of kingship celebrating God's triumpha...
69
Psalm 69 is a lament expressing deep distress and social ...
70
Psalm 70 is a petition for rescue expressing urgency of r...
71
Psalm 71 is a individual prayer praying for divine protec...
72
Psalm 72 is a royal prayer petitioning God to grant the k...
73
Psalm 73 is a meditation on theodicy addressing the probl...
74
Psalm 74 is a communal lament mourning temple destruction...
75
Psalm 75 is a thanksgiving and oracle celebrating God's j...
76
Psalm 76 is a hymn celebrating God's protection of Jerusa...
77
Psalm 77 is a lament and affirmation expressing despair t...
78
Psalm 78 is a didactic historical recounting God's mighty...
79
Psalm 79 is a communal lament mourning temple destruction...
80
Psalm 80 is a communal lament employing vine metaphor for...
81
Psalm 81 is a liturgical with oracle combining worship ce...
82
Psalm 82 is a judgment psalm depicting God's condemnation...
83
Psalm 83 is a communal lament praying against coalition o...
84
Psalm 84 is a hymn celebrating the temple's beauty and ex...
85
Psalm 85 is a communal prayer petitioning God for continu...
86
Psalm 86 is a individual prayer combining petition for pr...
87
Psalm 87 is a hymn celebrating Mount Zion as God's dwelli...
88
Psalm 88 is a lament of darkness expressing extraordinary...
89
Psalm 89 is a reflection and lament celebrating God's cov...
90
Psalm 90 is a meditation establishing theology of human m...
91
1
Psalm 91 is a psalm of protection celebrating God as shel...
Psalm 91 is a profound description of God's promise of protection to those who trust in Him. In one sense, it is a specific expression of the covenant God has with His people — with those who trust in
92
Psalm 92 is a thanksgiving celebrating God's works and ri...
93
Psalm 93 is a hymn of kingship briefly yet intensely cele...
94
Psalm 94 is a prayer for justice calling upon God to judg...
95
Psalm 95 is a liturgical hymn calling peoples to worship ...
96
Psalm 96 is a hymn of kingship celebrating God's kingship...
97
Psalm 97 is a hymn celebrating God's throne and justice t...
98
Psalm 98 is a thanksgiving celebrating God's salvation an...
99
Psalm 99 is a hymn of holiness celebrating God's kingship...
100
Psalm 100 is a hymn of praise brief inviting universal jo...
101
Psalm 101 is a psalm of commitment vowing integrity in pe...
102
Psalm 102 is a lament and affirmation expressing afflicti...
103
Psalm 103 is a thanksgiving celebrating God's mercy and c...
104
Psalm 104 is a creation hymn celebrating God as creator a...
105
Psalm 105 is a historical psalm celebrating God's faithfu...
106
Psalm 106 is a communal confession acknowledging Israel's...
107
Psalm 107 is a thanksgiving celebrating God's deliverance...
108
Psalm 108 is a psalm of petition combining thanksgiving w...
109
Psalm 109 is a imprecatory psalm expressing extreme distr...
110
Psalm 110 is a royal psalm with oracle containing divine ...
111
Psalm 111 is a wisdom thanksgiving structured as acrostic...
112
Psalm 112 is a wisdom celebrating blessedness of those wh...
113
Psalm 113 is a hymn of praise celebrating God's supremacy...
114
Psalm 114 is a hymn celebrating Israel's deliverance from...
115
Psalm 115 is a hymn celebrating God's glory and contrasti...
116
Psalm 116 is a thanksgiving expressing gratitude for deli...
117
Psalm 117 is a brief hymn shortest psalm calling all peop...
118
Psalm 118 is a thanksgiving and hallel celebrating God's ...
119
Psalm 119 is a meditation on Torah longest psalm organize...
120
Psalm 120 is a song of ascent expressing distress from fa...
121
Psalm 121 is a song of ascent celebrating God's constant ...
122
Psalm 122 is a song of ascent expressing joy in approachi...
123
Psalm 123 is a song of ascent expressing submission to Go...
124
Psalm 124 is a song of ascent celebrating God's deliveran...
125
Psalm 125 is a song of ascent celebrating God's protectio...
126
Psalm 126 is a song of ascent celebrating restoration fro...
127
Psalm 127 is a song of ascent celebrating God as builder ...
128
Psalm 128 is a song of ascent celebrating blessedness of ...
129
Psalm 129 is a song of ascent celebrating Israel's surviv...
130
Psalm 130 is a song of ascent expressing cry for mercy wh...
131
Psalm 131 is a song of ascent expressing spiritual humili...
132
Psalm 132 is a song of ascent celebrating God's covenant ...
133
Psalm 133 is a song of ascent celebrating beauty and bles...
134
Psalm 134 is a song of ascent final song of ascent expres...
135
Psalm 135 is a hymn celebrating God's greatness and histo...
136
Psalm 136 is a liturgical hymn structured with refrain ex...
137
Psalm 137 is a lament of exile expressing exile grief ove...
138
Psalm 138 is a thanksgiving expressing gratitude for deli...
139
Psalm 139 is a meditation expressing awe at God's omnisci...
140
Psalm 140 is a lament invoking protection against violent...
141
Psalm 141 is a prayer expressing desire for spiritual int...
142
Psalm 142 is a lament expressing complete abandonment by ...
143
Psalm 143 is a lament expressing distress while appealing...
144
Psalm 144 is a royal prayer appealing for divine strength...
145
Psalm 145 is a acrostic hymn celebrating God's greatness ...
146
Psalm 146 is a hymn celebrating God as savior while warni...
147
Psalm 147 is a hymn celebrating God as healer and sustain...
148
Psalm 148 is a cosmic hymn inviting all creation to prais...
149
Psalm 149 is a hymn celebrating God with instruments and ...
150
Psalm 150 is a final hymn concluding the Psalter with com...