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Old TestamentPoetry

Proverbs

31Chapters
915Verses
0Notes
0Reflections
Book Introduction

Proverbs distills wisdom into portable form: short, sharpened sayings about money, speech, friendship, work, anger, and the slow architecture of character. It opens with a father's extended appeals to his son, where wisdom is personified as a woman calling in the streets, and folly as her seductive rival. Then come the collections of two-line proverbs, each a small act of observation about how God's world usually works. The foundation of it all is stated at the start: the fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge. The book closes with an alphabet poem honoring a valiant woman.

Author

Chiefly Solomon; with sayings of the wise, Agur, and King Lemuel.

Date

Core from Solomon's era, c. 950 BC; compiled by Hezekiah's time and later.

Audience

Young people and all who would learn to live skillfully.

Purpose

To impart practical wisdom for daily life, grounded in the fear of the Lord.

Key Themes
The fear of the LordWisdom versus follyThe power of wordsDiligence and disciplineCharacter over appearance
Book Outline
1–9A father's call to wisdom
10–24Proverbs of Solomon and the wise
25–29Solomon's proverbs, Hezekiah's collection
30–31Agur, Lemuel, and the valiant woman
Key Verses
ALL CHAPTERS31 chapters
1
Chapter 1 opens the book with a statement of purpose and ...
2
Chapter 2 continues the father-son discourse with an exte...
3
Chapter 3 presents a sweeping paternal discourse on obedi...
4
Chapter 4 narrows focus to the single theme of acquiring ...
5
Chapter 5 shifts from general wisdom to a specific and ur...
6
Chapter 6 is a miscellaneous collection of warnings addre...
7
Chapter 7 presents the final and most elaborate narrative...
8
Chapter 8 provides the climactic counterpart to the tempt...
9
Chapter 9 concludes the discourse section (chapters 1-9) ...
10
Chapter 10 opens the first major aphoristic collection (c...
11
Chapter 11 continues the aphoristic collection with susta...
12
Chapter 12 develops the twin themes of discipline and its...
13
Chapter 13 explores themes of work, wealth, desire, and t...
14
Chapter 14 broadens perspective to include the household ...
15
Chapter 15 focuses intensely on speech and the emotional ...
16
Chapter 16 shifts toward themes of divine providence and ...
17
Chapter 17 continues exploring wisdom in relationships an...
18
Chapter 18 focuses on themes of self-knowledge, the power...
19
Chapter 19 explores themes of poverty and wealth, the con...
20
Chapter 20 offers counsel on various social and personal ...
21
Chapter 21 continues to explore the themes of divine prov...
22
Chapter 22 concludes the first Solomonic collection (10:1...
23
Chapter 23 opens the "Words of the Wise" section (22:17-2...
24
Chapter 24 concludes the "Words of the Wise" section with...
25
Chapter 25 opens the Hezekiah collection (25:1-29:27) and...
26
Chapter 26 focuses extensively on the fool and the scoffe...
27
Chapter 27 explores themes of friendship, self-knowledge,...
28
Chapter 28 emphasizes themes of righteousness and wickedn...
29
Chapter 29 concludes the Hezekiah collection with observa...
30
Chapter 30 presents the words of Agur son of Jakeh, descr...
31
Chapter 31 concludes the book with two sections: the word...