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Jeremiah 38

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Then Shephatiah the son of Mattan, and Gedaliah the son of Pashur, and Jucal the son of Shelemiah, and Pashur the son of Malchiah, heard the words that Jeremiah had spoken unto all the people, saying,

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Thus saith the Lord, He that remaineth in this city shall die by the sword, by the famine, and by the pestilence: but he that goeth forth to the Chaldeans shall live; for he shall have his life for a prey, and shall live.

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Thus saith the Lord, This city shall surely be given into the hand of the king of Babylon’s army, which shall take it.

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Therefore the princes said unto the king, We beseech thee, let this man be put to death: for thus he weakeneth the hands of the men of war that remain in this city, and the hands of all the people, in speaking such words unto them: for this man seeketh not the welfare of this people, but the hurt.

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Then Zedekiah the king said, Behold, he is in your hand: for the king is not he that can do any thing against you.

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Then took they Jeremiah, and cast him into the dungeon of Malchiah the son of Hammelech, that was in the court of the prison: and they let down Jeremiah with cords. And in the dungeon there was no water, but mire: so Jeremiah sunk in the mire.

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Now when Ebed–melech the Ethiopian, one of the eunuchs which was in the king’s house, heard that they had put Jeremiah in the dungeon; the king then sitting in the gate of Benjamin;

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Ebed–melech went forth out of the king’s house, and spake to the king, saying,

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My lord the king, these men have done evil in all that they have done to Jeremiah the prophet, whom they have cast into the dungeon; and he is like to die for hunger in the place where he is: for there is no more bread in the city.

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Then the king commanded Ebed–melech the Ethiopian, saying, Take from hence thirty men with thee, and take up Jeremiah the prophet out of the dungeon, before he die.

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So Ebed–melech took the men with him, and went into the house of the king under the treasury, and took thence old cast clouts and old rotten rags, and let them down by cords into the dungeon to Jeremiah.

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And Ebed–melech the Ethiopian said unto Jeremiah, Put now these old cast clouts and rotten rags under thine armholes under the cords. And Jeremiah did so.

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So they drew up Jeremiah with cords, and took him up out of the dungeon: and Jeremiah remained in the court of the prison.

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Then Zedekiah the king sent, and took Jeremiah the prophet unto him into the third entry that is in the house of the Lord: and the king said unto Jeremiah, I will ask thee a thing; hide nothing from me.

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Then Jeremiah said unto Zedekiah, If I declare it unto thee, wilt thou not surely put me to death? and if I give thee counsel, wilt thou not hearken unto me?

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So Zedekiah the king sware secretly unto Jeremiah, saying, As the Lord liveth, that made us this soul, I will not put thee to death, neither will I give thee into the hand of these men that seek thy life.

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Then said Jeremiah unto Zedekiah, Thus saith the Lord, the God of hosts, the God of Israel; If thou wilt assuredly go forth unto the king of Babylon’s princes, then thy soul shall live, and this city shall not be burned with fire; and thou shalt live, and thine house:

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But if thou wilt not go forth to the king of Babylon’s princes, then shall this city be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they shall burn it with fire, and thou shalt not escape out of their hand.

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And Zedekiah the king said unto Jeremiah, I am afraid of the Jews that are fallen to the Chaldeans, lest they deliver me into their hand, and they mock me.

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But Jeremiah said, They shall not deliver thee. Obey, I beseech thee, the voice of the Lord, which I speak unto thee: so it shall be well unto thee, and thy soul shall live.

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But if thou refuse to go forth, this is the word that the Lord hath shewed me:

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And, behold, all the women that are left in the king of Judah’s house shall be brought forth to the king of Babylon’s princes, and those women shall say, Thy friends have set thee on, and have prevailed against thee: thy feet are sunk in the mire, and they are turned away back.

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So they shall bring out all thy wives and thy children to the Chaldeans: and thou shalt not escape out of their hand, but shalt be taken by the hand of the king of Babylon: and thou shalt cause this city to be burned with fire.

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Then said Zedekiah unto Jeremiah, Let no man know of these words, and thou shalt not die.

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But if the princes hear that I have talked with thee, and they come unto thee, and say unto thee, Declare unto us now what thou hast said unto the king, hide it not from us, and we will not put thee to death; also what the king said unto thee:

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Then thou shalt say unto them, I presented my supplication before the king, that he would not cause me to return to Jonathan’s house, to die there.

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Then came all the princes unto Jeremiah, and asked him: and he told them according to all these words that the king had commanded. So they left off speaking with him; for the matter was not perceived.

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So Jeremiah abode in the court of the prison until the day that Jerusalem was taken: and he was there when Jerusalem was taken.

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Jeremiah 38

Jeremiah is thrown into a cistern-dungeon as punishment for continuing to announce that the city will be captured, while the officials demand the prophet's death because his words are sapping the military morale necessary for siege resistance, establishing that prophetic truth-telling is existentially threatening to institutions requiring deceptive optimism to function. Ebed-melech, a foreign court official, petitions King Zedekiah for mercy and rescues Jeremiah from the cistern, demonstrating that even within the doomed institution, individual consciences recognize the injustice of imprisoning the prophet and respond to divine truth. Jeremiah again counsels surrender to the Babylonians as the only path to survival, yet when Zedekiah refuses, the prophet promises that if the king submits, his life will be spared and his household saved, establishing that even to the last moment, YHWH offers conditional mercy while maintaining that judgment will fall on those who resist. The chapter's placement of a foreigner (Ebed-melech) as the savior of the Judahite prophet suggests the irony that those outside the covenant community recognize the prophet's worth while those within the covenant attempt to destroy him, illustrating how institutional apostasy extends even to hostility toward those who bear divine truth.

Jeremiah 38:22

The description: '"All your wives and your sons shall be led out to the Chaldeans, and you yourself shall not escape from their hand."' Total defeat and loss of family accompany the capture. Judgment extends to all relationships.

Jeremiah 38:23

Jeremiah's final warning: '"Then Zedekiah said to Jeremiah...these men will say to you...then tell them, I made a humble plea to the king."' The king asks the prophet to conceal the conversation. He fears human judgment more than God's judgment.

Jeremiah 38:24

The narrative: 'So Jeremiah remained in the court of the guard until the day that Jerusalem was taken.' The prophet remains imprisoned but alive through the final siege. God preserves His spokesperson for future testimony.

Jeremiah 38:25

The conclusion: 'This is how it happened: When Jerusalem was taken, all the officials of the king of Babylon came and sat in the middle gate.' The fall of Jerusalem comes to pass as prophesied.

Jeremiah 38:26

The fulfillment: 'And when King Zedekiah and all the soldiers saw them, they fled and went out of the city at night.' The king flees, abandoning the city. Flight does not escape consequences of refusing to obey.

Jeremiah 38:27

The consequence: 'But the army of the Chaldeans pursued them and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho.' Zedekiah is captured and brought before Babylon's king. The prophecy spoken to Zedekiah is fulfilled.

Jeremiah 38:28

The conclusion: 'And the Chaldeans burned the house of the king and the houses of the people, and broke down the walls of Jerusalem.' The complete destruction of Jerusalem occurs. Yet some poor are left in the land, and the possibility of restoration remains.

Jeremiah 38:21

The threatened consequence: '"But if you refuse to surrender, this is the vision which the LORD has shown to me."' The prophecy depicts the women's accusation toward the king. Judgment includes public humiliation.

Jeremiah 38:9

Ebed-melech's plea: '"Then the king commanded Ebed-melech the Ethiopian, "Take thirty men with you from here, and lift Jeremiah the prophet out of the cistern."' Zedekiah, moved by Ebed-melech's intercession, orders the prophet's rescue. Petition to those in power can result in mercy.

Jeremiah 38:10

The rescue: 'So Ebed-melech took the men with him and went to the house of the king, to a wardrobe in the storehouse, and took from there old rags and worn-out clothes.' Ebed-melech's tender care demonstrates compassion. Even in rescue, the weaker person is treated with care.

Jeremiah 38:11

Ebed-melech's instruction: '"Let these old rags and worn-out clothes be put under your armpits, under the ropes."' The detail of the rags demonstrates practical thoughtfulness. Care for the suffering includes attention to physical comfort.

Jeremiah 38:12

The rescue completed: 'Then they drew Jeremiah up by the ropes and lifted him out of the cistern.' Jeremiah is rescued and returned to the less harsh imprisonment. God preserves His prophet.

Jeremiah 38:13

The narrative notes: 'And Jeremiah remained in the court of the guard.' The prophet survives and remains in confinement. Survival and freedom are different.

Jeremiah 38:14

A new interview: 'Then King Zedekiah sent for Jeremiah the prophet and received him.' Zedekiah seeks another private consultation. The king's continued ambivalence demonstrates his conflicted state.

Jeremiah 38:1

The narrative: 'Shephatiah the son of Mattan, Gedaliah the son of Pashhur, Jucal the son of Shelemiah, and Pashhur the son of Malchiah heard the words that Jeremiah was speaking.' Four officials become aware of Jeremiah's continued prophesying. The prophet continues to speak despite imprisonment.

Jeremiah 38:16

Zedekiah's oath: '"Then King Zedekiah swore secretly to Jeremiah...I will not put you to death or deliver you into the hands of these men."' The king swears an oath to protect the prophet. Even those who have persecuted can repent.

Jeremiah 38:17

The word: '"Then Jeremiah said to Zedekiah, Thus says the LORD...If you will surrender to the officials of the king of Babylon, then your life shall be spared."' Jeremiah offers conditional mercy if the king surrenders. Obedience to the prophet's word offers the possibility of survival.

Jeremiah 38:18

The alternative: '"But if you do not surrender to the officials of the king of Babylon, then this city shall be given into the hand of the Chaldeans."' Refusal to surrender ensures destruction. Human choice has real consequences.

Jeremiah 38:19

Zedekiah's fear: '"And King Zedekiah said to Jeremiah, I am afraid of the Judeans who have deserted to the Chaldeans."' The king's fear of his own deserters prevents him from following the prophet's counsel. Fear of human consequences can override obedience to God's word.

Jeremiah 38:20

The prophet's response: '"They will not give you over. Obey now the voice of the LORD."' Jeremiah assures the king and urges obedience. Obedience to the word requires trust that God will protect.

Jeremiah 38:15

Jeremiah's response: '"If I tell you, will you not surely put me to death? And if I give you counsel, you will not listen to me."' The prophet expresses legitimate fear based on prior experience. Fear of persecution is reasonable when one has been persecuted.

Jeremiah 38:2

Jeremiah's words: '"Thus says the LORD, He who stays in this city shall die by the sword, by famine, and by pestilence."' The prophet advises surrender as the means of survival. Self-preservation sometimes requires surrender.

Jeremiah 38:3

The continuation: '"Thus says the LORD, This city shall surely be given into the hand of the king of Babylon's army."' The certainty of Babylon's victory is reaffirmed. This prophecy is consistent and unchanging.

Jeremiah 38:4

The officials' response: '"This man ought to die, for he is weakening the hands of the soldiers...by speaking such words."' The officials accuse Jeremiah of demoralizing the people. Truth-telling can be mischaracterized as betrayal.

Jeremiah 38:5

The king's response: '"Behold, he is in your hands; for the king is not one to act against you."' Zedekiah abdicates authority to the officials. Weak leadership permits persecution.

Jeremiah 38:6

The consequence: 'So they took Jeremiah and cast him into the cistern of Malchiah.' The prophet is placed in a death trap—a muddy, waterless cistern. Those who speak God's truth face life-threatening persecution.

Jeremiah 38:7

A rescuer appears: 'Now Ebed-melech the Ethiopian, a eunuch who was in the king's house, heard that they had put Jeremiah in the cistern.' Ebed-melech, a foreign official (likely a slave), becomes aware of Jeremiah's peril. God raises up protectors even from unexpected sources.

Jeremiah 38:8

The rescue: 'And Ebed-melech went from the king's house and said to the king, "My lord the king, these men have done evil."' Ebed-melech boldly protests the injustice. Moral courage can arise even in the powerless.