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Jeremiah 37

Zedekiah the son of Josiah, whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon made king in the land of Judah, reigned instead of Coniah the son of Jehoiakim.

But neither he nor his servants nor the people of the land listened to the words of the LORD that he spoke through Jeremiah the prophet.

King Zedekiah sent Jehucal the son of Shelemiah, and Zephaniah the priest, the son of Maaseiah, to Jeremiah the prophet, saying, “Please pray for us to the LORD our God.”

Now Jeremiah was still going in and out among the people, for he had not yet been put in prison.

The army of Pharaoh had come out of Egypt. And when the Chaldeans who were besieging Jerusalem heard news about them, they withdrew from Jerusalem.

Then the word of the LORD came to Jeremiah the prophet:

“Thus says the LORD, God of Israel: Thus shall you say to the king of Judah who sent you to me to inquire of me, ‘Behold, Pharaoh’s army that came to help you is about to return to Egypt, to its own land.

And the Chaldeans shall come back and fight against this city. They shall capture it and burn it with fire.

Thus says the LORD, Do not deceive yourselves, saying, “The Chaldeans will surely go away from us,” for they will not go away.

For even if you should defeat the whole army of Chaldeans who are fighting against you, and there remained of them only wounded men, every man in his tent, they would rise up and burn this city with fire.’”

Now when the Chaldean army had withdrawn from Jerusalem at the approach of Pharaoh’s army,

Jeremiah set out from Jerusalem to go to the land of Benjamin to receive his portion there among the people.

When he was at the Benjamin Gate, a sentry there named Irijah the son of Shelemiah, son of Hananiah, seized Jeremiah the prophet, saying, “You are deserting to the Chaldeans.”

And Jeremiah said, “It is a lie; I am not deserting to the Chaldeans.” But Irijah would not listen to him, and seized Jeremiah and brought him to the officials.

And the officials were enraged at Jeremiah, and they beat him and imprisoned him in the house of Jonathan the secretary, for it had been made a prison.

When Jeremiah had come to the dungeon cells and remained there many days,

King Zedekiah sent for him and received him. The king questioned him secretly in his house and said, “Is there any word from the LORD?” Jeremiah said, “There is.” Then he said, “You shall be delivered into the hand of the king of Babylon.”

Jeremiah also said to King Zedekiah, “What wrong have I done to you or your servants or this people, that you have put me in prison?

Where are your prophets who prophesied to you, saying, ‘The king of Babylon will not come against you and against this land’?

Now hear, please, O my lord the king: let my humble plea come before you and do not send me back to the house of Jonathan the secretary, lest I die there.”

So King Zedekiah gave orders, and they committed Jeremiah to the court of the guard. And a loaf of bread was given him daily from the bakers’ street, until all the bread of the city was gone. So Jeremiah remained in the court of the guard.

Scripture quotations marked “ESV” are from the ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®), © 2001 by Crossway. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

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Jeremiah 37

King Zedekiah, facing Babylonian siege despite earlier assurance of deliverance from false prophets, sends to Jeremiah asking whether YHWH will save Jerusalem, and the prophet announces that the siege will continue and the city will be captured despite the king's hope that Egyptian forces will intervene to break the siege. Jeremiah attempts to leave Jerusalem to go to Benjamin, is arrested at the gate as a deserter, and is imprisoned, where he maintains his message that the city will fall to the Babylonians, infuriating the officials who see his prophecy as defeatist and demoralizing. King Zedekiah secretly visits Jeremiah and asks whether YHWH has a word, revealing the king's spiritual dependency on the prophet even as his officials imprison him, establishing the tragic dynamic where political leadership recognizes prophetic authenticity yet cannot act on it due to institutional pressure. The chapter demonstrates the prophet's vulnerability during military crisis: his message of surrender to Babylon appears treasonous to military and political authorities, yet his message remains unchanged because it represents YHWH's word rather than political convenience, illustrating the tension between patriotic pressure and prophetic faithfulness.

Jeremiah 37:1

The superscription: 'Zedekiah the son of Josiah reigned as king in place of Coniah.' Zedekiah's installation by Babylon underscores his status as a vassal. Theologically, God ordains even pagan rulers.

Jeremiah 37:2

The characterization: 'But neither he nor his servants nor the people of the land listened to the words of the LORD.' The consistent refusal compounds their culpability. Judgment falls on those who have heard and rejected the word.

Jeremiah 37:3

The narrative: 'King Zedekiah sent Jehucal the son of Shelemiah and Zephaniah the priest to Jeremiah the prophet, saying, "Please pray for us."' Even after refusing to listen, Zedekiah now requests the prophet's intercession. This demonstrates the inconsistency of those who reject the word yet seek the prophet's prayers.

Jeremiah 37:4

The context: 'Now Jeremiah was still going in and out among the people, for he had not yet been put in prison.' Jeremiah maintained mobility and public presence despite the siege. The prophet continues his public ministry even as his message is rejected.

Jeremiah 37:5

The military situation: 'Pharaoh's army had come out of Egypt. And when the Chaldeans...heard news of them, they withdrew from Jerusalem.' Egyptian intervention caused a temporary lifting of the siege. Relief does not indicate deliverance.

Jeremiah 37:6

Jeremiah's word to Zedekiah: 'Thus says the LORD...Behold, Pharaoh's army which came to help you is about to return to Egypt.' The prophecy announces that Egypt will withdraw. Human allies are unreliable.

Jeremiah 37:7

The continued prophecy: '"And the Chaldeans shall come back and fight against this city, and take it, and burn it with fire."' The return of the Chaldeans is certain. Judgment delayed is not prevented.

Jeremiah 37:8

The warning: '"Thus says the LORD: Do not deceive yourselves, saying, The Chaldeans will surely stay away from us."' Jeremiah explicitly contradicts the false hope spreading in Jerusalem. The prophet must challenge comforting lies with hard truth.

Jeremiah 37:9

The declaration: '"For even if you should defeat the whole army of the Chaldeans...they would rise up and burn this city with fire."' Even military victory would not save Jerusalem. God's judgment cannot be averted by military means.

Jeremiah 37:10

The reiteration: '"For thus says the LORD, I have withdrawn my help from you."' God's withdrawal explains why military resistance is futile. God's withdrawal is the ground of judgment.

Jeremiah 37:11

The narrative: 'When the Chaldean army withdrew from Jerusalem at the approach of Pharaoh's army, Jeremiah set out from Jerusalem to go to the land of Benjamin.' Jeremiah attempts to travel to his hometown of Anathoth. Even amid crisis, the prophet attends to personal matters.

Jeremiah 37:12

The arrest: 'When he was at the Benjamin Gate, a sentry there named Irijah the son of Shelemiah seized Jeremiah the prophet, saying, "You are deserting to the Chaldeans."' The sentry's accusation is false. The innocent prophet is vulnerable to misrepresentation.

Jeremiah 37:13

Jeremiah's denial: '"That is a lie; I am not deserting to the Chaldeans."' The sentry's refusal to believe demonstrates the atmosphere of suspicion. Even truthful speech can be rejected in times of crisis.

Jeremiah 37:14

The consequence: '"And the officials were enraged at Jeremiah and beat him and imprisoned him."' The officials' violence demonstrates their hostility. Those in power may respond to prophecy with persecution.

Jeremiah 37:15

The imprisonment: '"When Jeremiah had come to the dungeon cells and remained there many days."' Captures the harsh conditions of the prophet's confinement. Faithfulness may result in suffering.

Jeremiah 37:16

The narrative: 'Then King Zedekiah sent for him and received him. The king questioned him secretly..."Is there any word from the LORD?"' Zedekiah's secret consultation demonstrates the king's conflicted state. Leaders, even when hostile, seek the word when desperate.

Jeremiah 37:17

Jeremiah's additional word: '"What wrong have I done to you or your servants or this people, that you have put me in prison?"' The prophet appeals to his innocence. Those who speak God's truth are often persecuted unjustly.

Jeremiah 37:18

The prophet continues: '"Where are your prophets who prophesied to you, saying, The king of Babylon will not come?"' Jeremiah points out that false prophets, not he, have misled the king. False prophecy is more palatable to leaders than true prophecy.

Jeremiah 37:19

Jeremiah's plea: '"Do not send me back to the house of Jonathan the secretary, or I shall die there."' The prophet requests mercy and a less harsh imprisonment. Even the faithful prophet fears death.

Jeremiah 37:20

The prophet's reasoning: 'Then King Zedekiah gave orders that Jeremiah should be committed to the court of the guard.' Zedekiah's compassionate compromise improves Jeremiah's conditions. God works even through reluctant leaders to protect His prophets.

Jeremiah 37:21

The chapter closes: 'Thus Jeremiah remained in the court of the guard.' The prophet's imprisonment continues but is more bearable. God preserves His spokesman for future ministry.