The conquest of Ai succeeds after Achan's removal, with Joshua employing an ambush strategy (divinely sanctioned) that demonstrates human ingenuity now working in concert with covenant obedience rather than replacing it. Joshua's reading of the entire Torah—blessings and curses—at Mount Ebal and Mount Gerizim (8:33-35) formally renews the Sinaitic covenant in the land, establishing that the conquest's purpose is not territorial expansion but the establishment of a Torah-centered community. The ceremony explicitly includes 'all Israel, the sojourner as well as the native born,' prefiguring the inclusive covenant borders and emphasizing that the land's possession is inseparable from the covenant's demands. Joshua's integration of military victory with covenantal renewal shows that conquest and covenant are theological twins: the land is given to those who commit themselves to the LORD's instruction.
Joshua 8:1
And the LORD said to Joshua, 'Do not fear or be dismayed; take all the fighting men with you, and arise, go up to Ai; see, I have given into your hand the king of Ai, his people, his city, and his land'
Joshua 8:2
And you shall do to Ai and its king as you did to Jericho and its king; only its spoils and its cattle you shall take as plunder for yourselves; set an ambush for the city behind it
Joshua 8:3
So Joshua and all the fighting men arose to go up to Ai; and Joshua chose thirty thousand mighty men of valor, and sent them out by night
Joshua 8:4
And he commanded them, 'Behold, you shall lie in ambush behind the city; do not go very far from the city, but all of you remain ready'
Joshua 8:5
And I and all the people who are with me will approach the city; and when they come out against us, as before, we shall flee before them
Joshua 8:6
Then you shall rise up from the ambush and seize the city; for the LORD your God will give it into your hand
Joshua 8:7
And when you have taken the city, you shall set the city on fire; see, I have commanded you
Joshua 8:8
See, I have commanded you
Joshua 8:9
So Joshua sent them out; and they went to the place of ambush, and lay in wait between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of Ai; and Joshua lodged that night among the people
Joshua 8:10
And Joshua rose early in the morning and mustered the people, and went up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai
Joshua 8:11
And all the fighting men who were with him went up, and drew near before the city, and pitched camp on the north side of Ai; now there was a valley between them and Ai
Joshua 8:12
And he took about five thousand men, and set them in ambush between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of the city
Joshua 8:13
So they set all the people, the main encampment on the north of the city; and their rear guard on the west of the city; and Joshua went that night into the valley
Joshua 8:14
And when the king of Ai saw this, he and all his people hastened and went out to meet Israel in battle, at the descent toward the valley; for he did not know that there was an ambush against him behind the city
Joshua 8:15
And Joshua and all Israel made a pretense of being beaten before them, and fled in the direction of the wilderness
Joshua 8:16
And all the people who were in the city were called together to pursue them; and as they pursued Joshua, they were drawn away from the city
Joshua 8:17
Not a man was left in Ai or Bethel, that did not go out after Israel; and they left the city open, and pursued Israel
Joshua 8:18
Then the LORD said to Joshua, 'Stretch out the javelin that is in your hand toward Ai; for I will give it into your hand.' And Joshua stretched out the javelin that was in his hand toward the city
Joshua 8:19
And when he raised his hand, the men in the ambush rose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he stretched out his hand, and entered the city, and took it; and they made haste and set the city on fire
Joshua 8:20
When the men of Ai looked behind them, behold, the smoke of the city went up to heaven; and they had no power to flee this way or that, for the people who fled to the wilderness turned back upon the pursuers
Joshua 8:21
So when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city, and that the smoke of the city went up, then they turned back and smote the men of Ai
Joshua 8:22
And the others came out of the city against them; so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side; and Israel smote them, until there was left none that survived or escaped
Joshua 8:23
And the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him to Joshua
Joshua 8:24
Now when Israel had finished slaughtering all the inhabitants of Ai in the open wilderness where they pursued them, and all of them to the last man had fallen by the edge of the sword, all Israel returned to Ai, and smote it with the edge of the sword
Joshua 8:25
And all who fell that day, both men and women, were twelve thousand, an entire population of Ai
Joshua 8:26
For Joshua did not draw back his hand, with which he stretched out the javelin, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai
Joshua 8:27
Only the cattle and the spoil of that city Israel took as their plunder, according to the word of the LORD which he had commanded Joshua
Joshua 8:28
So Joshua burned Ai, and made it a heap forever, a desolation to this day
Joshua 8:29
And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until the evening; and as the sun was going down, Joshua commanded, and they took his body down from the tree, and cast it at the entrance of the gate of the city, and raised over it a great heap of stones, which stands to this day
Joshua 8:30
Then Joshua built an altar to the LORD, God of Israel, on Mount Ebal
Joshua 8:31
as Moses the servant of the LORD had commanded the people of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses, an altar of unhewn stones, on which no iron tool has been used; and they offered on it burnt offerings to the LORD, and sacrificed peace offerings
Joshua 8:32
And there, in the presence of the people of Israel, he wrote upon the stones a copy of the law of Moses, which he had written
Joshua 8:33
And all Israel, sojourner as well as native, with their elders and officers and their judges, stood on opposite sides of the ark, before the priests who bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD, half of them in front of Mount Gerizim and half of them in front of Mount Ebal, as Moses the servant of the LORD had commanded at the first, that they should bless the people of Israel
Joshua 8:34
And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessings and the curses, according to all that is written in the book of the law
Joshua 8:35
There was not a word of all that Moses had commanded which Joshua did not read before all the assembly of Israel, and the women, and the little ones, and the sojourners who dwelt among them