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Joshua 8

And the LORD said to Joshua, “Do not fear and do not be dismayed. Take all the fighting men with you, and arise, go up to Ai. See, I have given into your hand the king of Ai, and his people, his city, and his land.

And you shall do to Ai and its king as you did to Jericho and its king. Only its spoil and its livestock you shall take as plunder for yourselves. Lay an ambush against the city, behind it.”

So Joshua and all the fighting men arose to go up to Ai. And Joshua chose 30,000 mighty men of valor and sent them out by night.

And he commanded them, “Behold, you shall lie in ambush against the city, behind it. Do not go very far from the city, but all of you remain ready.

And I and all the people who are with me will approach the city. And when they come out against us just as before, we shall flee before them.

And they will come out after us, until we have drawn them away from the city. For they will say, ‘They are fleeing from us, just as before.’ So we will flee before them.

Then you shall rise up from the ambush and seize the city, for the LORD your God will give it into your hand.

And as soon as you have taken the city, you shall set the city on fire. You shall do according to the word of the LORD. See, I have commanded you.”

So Joshua sent them out. And they went to the place of ambush and lay between Bethel and Ai, to the west of Ai, but Joshua spent that night among the people.

Joshua arose early in the morning and mustered the people and went up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai.

And all the fighting men who were with him went up and drew near before the city and encamped on the north side of Ai, with a ravine between them and Ai.

He took about 5,000 men and set them in ambush between Bethel and Ai, to the west of the city.

So they stationed the forces, the main encampment that was north of the city and its rear guard west of the city. But Joshua spent that night in the valley.

And as soon as the king of Ai saw this, he and all his people, the men of the city, hurried and went out early to the appointed place toward the Arabah to meet Israel in battle. But he did not know that there was an ambush against him behind the city.

And Joshua and all Israel pretended to be beaten before them and fled in the direction of the wilderness.

So all the people who were in the city were called together to pursue them, and as they pursued Joshua they were drawn away from the city.

Not a man was left in Ai or Bethel who did not go out after Israel. They left the city open and pursued Israel.

Then the LORD said to Joshua, “Stretch out the javelin that is in your hand toward Ai, for I will give it into your hand.” And Joshua stretched out the javelin that was in his hand toward the city.

And the men in the ambush rose quickly out of their place, and as soon as he had stretched out his hand, they ran and entered the city and captured it. And they hurried to set the city on fire.

So when the men of Ai looked back, behold, the smoke of the city went up to heaven, and they had no power to flee this way or that, for the people who fled to the wilderness turned back against the pursuers.

And when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had captured the city, and that the smoke of the city went up, then they turned back and struck down the men of Ai.

And the others came out from the city against them, so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side. And Israel struck them down, until there was left none that survived or escaped.

But the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him near to Joshua.

When Israel had finished killing all the inhabitants of Ai in the open wilderness where they pursued them, and all of them to the very last had fallen by the edge of the sword, all Israel returned to Ai and struck it down with the edge of the sword.

And all who fell that day, both men and women, were 12,000, all the people of Ai.

But Joshua did not draw back his hand with which he stretched out the javelin until he had devoted all the inhabitants of Ai to destruction.

Only the livestock and the spoil of that city Israel took as their plunder, according to the word of the LORD that he commanded Joshua.

So Joshua burned Ai and made it forever a heap of ruins, as it is to this day.

And he hanged the king of Ai on a tree until evening. And at sunset Joshua commanded, and they took his body down from the tree and threw it at the entrance of the gate of the city and raised over it a great heap of stones, which stands there to this day.

At that time Joshua built an altar to the LORD, the God of Israel, on Mount Ebal,

just as Moses the servant of the LORD had commanded the people of Israel, as it is written in the Book of the Law of Moses, “an altar of uncut stones, upon which no man has wielded an iron tool.” And they offered on it burnt offerings to the LORD and sacrificed peace offerings.

And there, in the presence of the people of Israel, he wrote on the stones a copy of the law of Moses, which he had written.

And all Israel, sojourner as well as native born, with their elders and officers and their judges, stood on opposite sides of the ark before the Levitical priests who carried the ark of the covenant of the LORD, half of them in front of Mount Gerizim and half of them in front of Mount Ebal, just as Moses the servant of the LORD had commanded at the first, to bless the people of Israel.

And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessing and the curse, according to all that is written in the Book of the Law.

There was not a word of all that Moses commanded that Joshua did not read before all the assembly of Israel, and the women, and the little ones, and the sojourners who lived among them.

Scripture quotations marked “ESV” are from the ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®), © 2001 by Crossway. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

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Joshua 8

The conquest of Ai succeeds after Achan's removal, with Joshua employing an ambush strategy (divinely sanctioned) that demonstrates human ingenuity now working in concert with covenant obedience rather than replacing it. Joshua's reading of the entire Torah—blessings and curses—at Mount Ebal and Mount Gerizim (8:33-35) formally renews the Sinaitic covenant in the land, establishing that the conquest's purpose is not territorial expansion but the establishment of a Torah-centered community. The ceremony explicitly includes 'all Israel, the sojourner as well as the native born,' prefiguring the inclusive covenant borders and emphasizing that the land's possession is inseparable from the covenant's demands. Joshua's integration of military victory with covenantal renewal shows that conquest and covenant are theological twins: the land is given to those who commit themselves to the LORD's instruction.

Joshua 8:1

And the LORD said to Joshua, 'Do not fear or be dismayed; take all the fighting men with you, and arise, go up to Ai; see, I have given into your hand the king of Ai, his people, his city, and his land'

Joshua 8:2

And you shall do to Ai and its king as you did to Jericho and its king; only its spoils and its cattle you shall take as plunder for yourselves; set an ambush for the city behind it

Joshua 8:3

So Joshua and all the fighting men arose to go up to Ai; and Joshua chose thirty thousand mighty men of valor, and sent them out by night

Joshua 8:4

And he commanded them, 'Behold, you shall lie in ambush behind the city; do not go very far from the city, but all of you remain ready'

Joshua 8:5

And I and all the people who are with me will approach the city; and when they come out against us, as before, we shall flee before them

Joshua 8:6

Then you shall rise up from the ambush and seize the city; for the LORD your God will give it into your hand

Joshua 8:7

And when you have taken the city, you shall set the city on fire; see, I have commanded you

Joshua 8:8

See, I have commanded you

Joshua 8:9

So Joshua sent them out; and they went to the place of ambush, and lay in wait between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of Ai; and Joshua lodged that night among the people

Joshua 8:10

And Joshua rose early in the morning and mustered the people, and went up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai

Joshua 8:11

And all the fighting men who were with him went up, and drew near before the city, and pitched camp on the north side of Ai; now there was a valley between them and Ai

Joshua 8:12

And he took about five thousand men, and set them in ambush between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of the city

Joshua 8:13

So they set all the people, the main encampment on the north of the city; and their rear guard on the west of the city; and Joshua went that night into the valley

Joshua 8:14

And when the king of Ai saw this, he and all his people hastened and went out to meet Israel in battle, at the descent toward the valley; for he did not know that there was an ambush against him behind the city

Joshua 8:15

And Joshua and all Israel made a pretense of being beaten before them, and fled in the direction of the wilderness

Joshua 8:16

And all the people who were in the city were called together to pursue them; and as they pursued Joshua, they were drawn away from the city

Joshua 8:17

Not a man was left in Ai or Bethel, that did not go out after Israel; and they left the city open, and pursued Israel

Joshua 8:18

Then the LORD said to Joshua, 'Stretch out the javelin that is in your hand toward Ai; for I will give it into your hand.' And Joshua stretched out the javelin that was in his hand toward the city

Joshua 8:19

And when he raised his hand, the men in the ambush rose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he stretched out his hand, and entered the city, and took it; and they made haste and set the city on fire

Joshua 8:20

When the men of Ai looked behind them, behold, the smoke of the city went up to heaven; and they had no power to flee this way or that, for the people who fled to the wilderness turned back upon the pursuers

Joshua 8:21

So when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city, and that the smoke of the city went up, then they turned back and smote the men of Ai

Joshua 8:22

And the others came out of the city against them; so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side; and Israel smote them, until there was left none that survived or escaped

Joshua 8:23

And the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him to Joshua

Joshua 8:24

Now when Israel had finished slaughtering all the inhabitants of Ai in the open wilderness where they pursued them, and all of them to the last man had fallen by the edge of the sword, all Israel returned to Ai, and smote it with the edge of the sword

Joshua 8:25

And all who fell that day, both men and women, were twelve thousand, an entire population of Ai

Joshua 8:26

For Joshua did not draw back his hand, with which he stretched out the javelin, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai

Joshua 8:27

Only the cattle and the spoil of that city Israel took as their plunder, according to the word of the LORD which he had commanded Joshua

Joshua 8:28

So Joshua burned Ai, and made it a heap forever, a desolation to this day

Joshua 8:29

And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until the evening; and as the sun was going down, Joshua commanded, and they took his body down from the tree, and cast it at the entrance of the gate of the city, and raised over it a great heap of stones, which stands to this day

Joshua 8:30

Then Joshua built an altar to the LORD, God of Israel, on Mount Ebal

Joshua 8:31

as Moses the servant of the LORD had commanded the people of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses, an altar of unhewn stones, on which no iron tool has been used; and they offered on it burnt offerings to the LORD, and sacrificed peace offerings

Joshua 8:32

And there, in the presence of the people of Israel, he wrote upon the stones a copy of the law of Moses, which he had written

Joshua 8:33

And all Israel, sojourner as well as native, with their elders and officers and their judges, stood on opposite sides of the ark, before the priests who bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD, half of them in front of Mount Gerizim and half of them in front of Mount Ebal, as Moses the servant of the LORD had commanded at the first, that they should bless the people of Israel

Joshua 8:34

And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessings and the curses, according to all that is written in the book of the law

Joshua 8:35

There was not a word of all that Moses had commanded which Joshua did not read before all the assembly of Israel, and the women, and the little ones, and the sojourners who dwelt among them