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Jeremiah 52

Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he became king, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem. His mother’s name was Hamutal the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah.

And he did what was evil in the sight of the LORD, according to all that Jehoiakim had done.

For because of the anger of the LORD it came to the point in Jerusalem and Judah that he cast them out from his presence. And Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon.

And in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, on the tenth day of the month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came with all his army against Jerusalem, and laid siege to it. And they built siegeworks all around it.

So the city was besieged till the eleventh year of King Zedekiah.

On the ninth day of the fourth month the famine was so severe in the city that there was no food for the people of the land.

Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war fled and went out from the city by night by the way of a gate between the two walls, by the king’s garden, and the Chaldeans were around the city. And they went in the direction of the Arabah.

But the army of the Chaldeans pursued the king and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho, and all his army was scattered from him.

Then they captured the king and brought him up to the king of Babylon at Riblah in the land of Hamath, and he passed sentence on him.

The king of Babylon slaughtered the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and also slaughtered all the officials of Judah at Riblah.

He put out the eyes of Zedekiah, and bound him in chains, and the king of Babylon took him to Babylon, and put him in prison till the day of his death.

In the fifth month, on the tenth day of the month—that was the nineteenth year of King Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon—Nebuzaradan the captain of the bodyguard, who served the king of Babylon, entered Jerusalem.

And he burned the house of the LORD, and the king’s house and all the houses of Jerusalem; every great house he burned down.

And all the army of the Chaldeans, who were with the captain of the guard, broke down all the walls around Jerusalem.

And Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carried away captive some of the poorest of the people and the rest of the people who were left in the city and the deserters who had deserted to the king of Babylon, together with the rest of the artisans.

But Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard left some of the poorest of the land to be vinedressers and plowmen.

And the pillars of bronze that were in the house of the LORD, and the stands and the bronze sea that were in the house of the LORD, the Chaldeans broke in pieces, and carried all the bronze to Babylon.

And they took away the pots and the shovels and the snuffers and the basins and the dishes for incense and all the vessels of bronze used in the temple service;

also the small bowls and the fire pans and the basins and the pots and the lampstands and the dishes for incense and the bowls for drink offerings. What was of gold the captain of the guard took away as gold, and what was of silver, as silver.

As for the two pillars, the one sea, the twelve bronze bulls that were under the sea, and the stands, which Solomon the king had made for the house of the LORD, the bronze of all these things was beyond weight.

As for the pillars, the height of the one pillar was eighteen cubits, its circumference was twelve cubits, and its thickness was four fingers, and it was hollow.

On it was a capital of bronze. The height of the one capital was five cubits. A network and pomegranates, all of bronze, were around the capital. And the second pillar had the same, with pomegranates.

There were ninety-six pomegranates on the sides; all the pomegranates were a hundred upon the network all around.

And the captain of the guard took Seraiah the chief priest, and Zephaniah the second priest and the three keepers of the threshold;

and from the city he took an officer who had been in command of the men of war, and seven men of the king’s council, who were found in the city; and the secretary of the commander of the army, who mustered the people of the land; and sixty men of the people of the land, who were found in the midst of the city.

And Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard took them and brought them to the king of Babylon at Riblah.

And the king of Babylon struck them down and put them to death at Riblah in the land of Hamath. So Judah was taken into exile out of its land.

This is the number of the people whom Nebuchadnezzar carried away captive: in the seventh year, 3,023 Judeans;

in the eighteenth year of Nebuchadnezzar he carried away captive from Jerusalem 832 persons;

in the twenty-third year of Nebuchadnezzar, Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carried away captive of the Judeans 745 persons; all the persons were 4,600.

And in the thirty-seventh year of the exile of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the twenty-fifth day of the month, Evil-merodach king of Babylon, in the year that he began to reign, graciously freed Jehoiachin king of Judah and brought him out of prison.

And he spoke kindly to him and gave him a seat above the seats of the kings who were with him in Babylon.

So Jehoiachin put off his prison garments. And every day of his life he dined regularly at the king’s table,

and for his allowance, a regular allowance was given him by the king, according to his daily needs, until the day of his death, as long as he lived.

Scripture quotations marked “ESV” are from the ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®), © 2001 by Crossway. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

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Jeremiah 52

This historical appendix records the fall of Jerusalem and the exile of Judah, largely paralleling 2 Kings 25, documenting the breach of the walls, the capture of King Zedekiah and the execution of his sons, the burning of the temple and city, the deportation of survivors to Babylon, and the assassination of the Babylonian-appointed governor Gedaliah. The appendix's placement at the end of Jeremiah anchors the prophetic oracles within historical reality, demonstrating that Jeremiah's decades-long message of coming judgment found complete fulfillment in the destruction and exile the chapter describes, authenticating the prophet's message through its historical realization. The final paragraph records that Evil-merodach, the Babylonian king, granted favor to the exiled King Jehoiachin in the thirty-seventh year of exile, elevating him and providing him sustenance, concluding the book with a note of hope: despite the comprehensive judgment, the exiled Davidic king receives favor from the Babylonian ruler, suggesting that even in exile, the Davidic covenant is not entirely abandoned and that restoration becomes possible. The book's conclusion with this gesture of mercy toward the exiled king anticipates the fuller restoration promised in chapters 30-33, establishing that Jeremiah's word encompasses not only judgment but also the restoration that judgment was meant to accomplish through exile and renewal of covenantal commitment.

Jeremiah 52:1

Zedekiah was twenty-one years old when he began to reign; he reigned eleven years. The historical appendix begins with reign formula.

Jeremiah 52:2

He did what was evil in the sight of the LORD, just as Jehoiakim had done. The characterization establishes theological basis for judgment.

Jeremiah 52:3

Because of the anger of the LORD things came to the point in Jerusalem that he cast them out. The judgment is attributed to God's anger.

Jeremiah 52:4

In the ninth year of his reign, Nebuchadrezzar of Babylon came with all his army. The siege begins the final catastrophe.

Jeremiah 52:5

The city was besieged until the eleventh year of King Zedekiah. The extended siege emphasizes intensity of the assault.

Jeremiah 52:6

On the ninth day of the fourth month the famine became so severe in the city. The famine indicates impossibility of continued resistance.

Jeremiah 52:7

Then a breach was made in the city wall; all soldiers fled and left the city. The breaching represents final collapse of defenses.

Jeremiah 52:8

The Chaldeans pursued the king and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho. The pursuit emphasizes inability to escape.

Jeremiah 52:9

They took the king and brought him up to the king of Babylon at Riblah. The capture establishes Babylon's authority.

Jeremiah 52:10

The king of Babylon killed the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes. The execution of heirs eliminates future resistance.

Jeremiah 52:11

Then he put out the eyes of Zedekiah and bound him in fetters. The blinding represents humiliation and disability.

Jeremiah 52:12

In the fifth month, Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard came to Jerusalem. The captain arrives to conduct destruction.

Jeremiah 52:13

He burned the house of the LORD, the king's house, and all the houses of Jerusalem. The comprehensive burning emphasizes totality of destruction.

Jeremiah 52:14

The army of the Chaldeans broke down all the walls around Jerusalem. The destruction eliminates defensive capability.

Jeremiah 52:15

Nebuzaradan carried away captive some of the poorest people and the rest of the people. The deportation removes the population.

Jeremiah 52:16

But Nebuzaradan left some of the poorest people to be vinedressers and farmers. The preservation suggests intent to continue agricultural production.

Jeremiah 52:17

The Chaldeans broke in pieces the bronze pillars that were in the house of the LORD. The destruction of temple furnishings emphasizes desecration.

Jeremiah 52:18

They took away the pots, shovels, snuffers, bowls, and spoons. The enumeration emphasizes systematic plundering.

Jeremiah 52:19

The captain of the guard took away the small bowls, fire pans, basins, and ladles. The continued enumeration emphasizes thoroughness.

Jeremiah 52:20

As for the two pillars, the one sea, the twelve bronze bulls: the bronze of all was beyond weighing. The reference to Solomon grounds loss in glorious past.

Jeremiah 52:21

As for the pillars, the height of the one pillar was eighteen cubits. The technical specifications emphasize grandeur of loss.

Jeremiah 52:22

The capital upon it was bronze, five cubits high; a latticed network and pomegranates. The architectural details emphasize artistry.

Jeremiah 52:23

There were ninety-six pomegranates on the sides; all the pomegranates encircling were one hundred. The enumeration emphasizes artistic detail.

Jeremiah 52:24

The captain of the guard took the chief priest Seraiah and the second priest Zephaniah. The arrest of religious leadership emphasizes destruction of institutional structures.

Jeremiah 52:25

From the city he took an officer who had been in command and seven men of the king's council. The arrest of officials emphasizes elimination of leadership.

Jeremiah 52:26

Then Nebuzaradan took them and brought them to the king of Babylon at Riblah. The transport emphasizes Babylon's authority.

Jeremiah 52:27

The king of Babylon struck them down at Riblah; so Judah went into exile out of its land. The execution and exile culminate the narrative.

Jeremiah 52:28

This is the number of people whom Nebuchadrezzar carried away captive: in the seventh year, three thousand twenty-three. The enumeration emphasizes scale.

Jeremiah 52:29

In the eighteenth year of Nebuchadrezzar he carried away from Jerusalem eight hundred thirty-two persons. The second deportation establishes stages of removal.

Jeremiah 52:30

In the twenty-third year of Nebuchadrezzar, Nebuzaradan carried away seven hundred forty-five persons; all were four thousand six hundred. The total enumeration concludes the statistics.

Jeremiah 52:31

In the thirty-seventh year of the exile of King Jehoiachin, King Evil-merodach showed favor and brought him out of prison. The release introduces note of hope.

Jeremiah 52:32

He spoke kindly to him and gave him a seat above the seats of other kings in Babylon. The elevation suggests restoration of status.

Jeremiah 52:33

So Jehoiachin put off his prison clothes and dined regularly at the king's table for the rest of his life. The restoration represents dramatic reversal.

Jeremiah 52:34

For his allowance, a regular daily allowance was given him by the king of Babylon until the day of his death. The provision represents permanent restoration. This final verse provides a note of hope and restoration, suggesting that beyond judgment lies divine favor and the continuation of God's purposes. The focus on Jehoiachin indicates that even in exile, God has not abandoned His covenant people, and restoration has begun through the favor of a pagan king.