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Jeremiah 49

1

Concerning the Ammonites, thus saith the Lord; Hath Israel no sons? hath he no heir? why then doth their king inherit Gad, and his people dwell in his cities?

2

Therefore, behold, the days come, saith the Lord, that I will cause an alarm of war to be heard in Rabbah of the Ammonites; and it shall be a desolate heap, and her daughters shall be burned with fire: then shall Israel be heir unto them that were his heirs, saith the Lord.

3

Howl, O Heshbon, for Ai is spoiled: cry, ye daughters of Rabbah, gird you with sackcloth; lament, and run to and fro by the hedges; for their king shall go into captivity, and his priests and his princes together.

1
4

Wherefore gloriest thou in the valleys, thy flowing valley, O backsliding daughter? that trusted in her treasures, saying, Who shall come unto me?

5

Behold, I will bring a fear upon thee, saith the Lord God of hosts, from all those that be about thee; and ye shall be driven out every man right forth; and none shall gather up him that wandereth.

6

And afterward I will bring again the captivity of the children of Ammon, saith the Lord.

2
7

Concerning Edom, thus saith the Lord of hosts; Is wisdom no more in Teman? is counsel perished from the prudent? is their wisdom vanished?

8

Flee ye, turn back, dwell deep, O inhabitants of Dedan; for I will bring the calamity of Esau upon him, the time that I will visit him.

9

If grapegatherers come to thee, would they not leave some gleaning grapes? if thieves by night, they will destroy till they have enough.

10

But I have made Esau bare, I have uncovered his secret places, and he shall not be able to hide himself: his seed is spoiled, and his brethren, and his neighbours, and he is not.

11

Leave thy fatherless children, I will preserve them alive; and let thy widows trust in me.

12

For thus saith the Lord; Behold, they whose judgment was not to drink of the cup have assuredly drunken; and art thou he that shall altogether go unpunished? thou shalt not go unpunished, but thou shalt surely drink of it.

13

For I have sworn by myself, saith the Lord, that Bozrah shall become a desolation, a reproach, a waste, and a curse; and all the cities thereof shall be perpetual wastes.

14

I have heard a rumour from the Lord, and an ambassador is sent unto the heathen, saying, Gather ye together, and come against her, and rise up to the battle.

15

For, lo, I will make thee small among the heathen, and despised among men.

16

Thy terribleness hath deceived thee, and the pride of thine heart, O thou that dwellest in the clefts of the rock, that holdest the height of the hill: though thou shouldest make thy nest as high as the eagle, I will bring thee down from thence, saith the Lord.

1
17

Also Edom shall be a desolation: every one that goeth by it shall be astonished, and shall hiss at all the plagues thereof.

18

As in the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah and the neighbour cities thereof, saith the Lord, no man shall abide there, neither shall a son of man dwell in it.

19

Behold, he shall come up like a lion from the swelling of Jordan against the habitation of the strong: but I will suddenly make him run away from her: and who is a chosen man, that I may appoint over her? for who is like me? and who will appoint me the time? and who is that shepherd that will stand before me?

20

Therefore hear the counsel of the Lord, that he hath taken against Edom; and his purposes, that he hath purposed against the inhabitants of Teman: Surely the least of the flock shall draw them out: surely he shall make their habitations desolate with them.

21

The earth is moved at the noise of their fall, at the cry the noise thereof was heard in the Red sea.

22

Behold, he shall come up and fly as the eagle, and spread his wings over Bozrah: and at that day shall the heart of the mighty men of Edom be as the heart of a woman in her pangs.

23

Concerning Damascus. Hamath is confounded, and Arpad: for they have heard evil tidings: they are fainthearted; there is sorrow on the sea; it cannot be quiet.

24

Damascus is waxed feeble, and turneth herself to flee, and fear hath seized on her: anguish and sorrows have taken her, as a woman in travail.

25

How is the city of praise not left, the city of my joy!

26

Therefore her young men shall fall in her streets, and all the men of war shall be cut off in that day, saith the Lord of hosts.

27

And I will kindle a fire in the wall of Damascus, and it shall consume the palaces of Ben–hadad.

28

Concerning Kedar, and concerning the kingdoms of Hazor, which Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon shall smite, thus saith the Lord; Arise ye, go up to Kedar, and spoil the men of the east.

29

Their tents and their flocks shall they take away: they shall take to themselves their curtains, and all their vessels, and their camels; and they shall cry unto them, Fear is on every side.

30

Flee, get you far off, dwell deep, O ye inhabitants of Hazor, saith the Lord; for Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon hath taken counsel against you, and hath conceived a purpose against you.

31

Arise, get you up unto the wealthy nation, that dwelleth without care, saith the Lord, which have neither gates nor bars, which dwell alone.

32

And their camels shall be a booty, and the multitude of their cattle a spoil: and I will scatter into all winds them that are in the utmost corners; and I will bring their calamity from all sides thereof, saith the Lord.

33

And Hazor shall be a dwelling for dragons, and a desolation for ever: there shall no man abide there, nor any son of man dwell in it.

34

The word of the Lord that came to Jeremiah the prophet against Elam in the beginning of the reign of Zedekiah king of Judah, saying,

35

Thus saith the Lord of hosts; Behold, I will break the bow of Elam, the chief of their might.

36

And upon Elam will I bring the four winds from the four quarters of heaven, and will scatter them toward all those winds; and there shall be no nation whither the outcasts of Elam shall not come.

37

For I will cause Elam to be dismayed before their enemies, and before them that seek their life: and I will bring evil upon them, even my fierce anger, saith the Lord; and I will send the sword after them, till I have consumed them:

38

And I will set my throne in Elam, and will destroy from thence the king and the princes, saith the Lord.

39

But it shall come to pass in the latter days, that I will bring again the captivity of Elam, saith the Lord.

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Jeremiah 49

YHWH announces judgment against multiple nations: Ammon, Edom, Damascus, Kedar, Hazor, and Elam, establishing that the divine judgment extends comprehensively across the known world, with each nation receiving oracles specific to their particular offenses and destinies, yet all united in the common theme that YHWH's judgment is inescapable and that Babylonian conquest will be the instrument through which judgment is executed. The oracle against Edom particularly emphasizes the shame and humiliation that will befall this proud nation, while the oracle against Elam promises eventual restoration, establishing the principle that no nation's judgment is absolute—all face potential restoration after judgment has purged their rebellion. The comprehensive scope of these oracles establishes that the book of Jeremiah addresses not merely Judah's particular covenant violation but YHWH's universal governance over all nations and empires, with Babylon serving as the agent through which this universal judgment is executed.

Jeremiah 49:1

Concerning Ammon: Has Israel no sons? Why has Milcom dispossessed them? The oracle questions Ammonite appropriation of Israelite territory.

Jeremiah 49:2

I will sound the battle alarm against Rabbah; Rabbah shall become desolate; Israel shall restore its territory. The restoration promise serves restorative function.

Jeremiah 49:3

Wail, O Heshbon; Ai is laid waste; cry out, daughters of Rabbah! The command emphasizes emotional devastation.

Jeremiah 49:4

Why do you boast in your strength? Your strength is ebbing, O faithless daughter. The characterization establishes judgment response to arrogance.

Jeremiah 49:5

I am bringing terror upon you from all around; you shall be driven out. The comprehensive terror suggests encirclement.

Jeremiah 49:6

But afterward I will restore the fortunes of the Ammonites. The restoration promise suggests that history extends beyond catastrophe.

Jeremiah 49:7

Concerning Edom: Is wisdom no longer in Teman? The oracle questions Edom's disappearance of famed wisdom.

Jeremiah 49:8

Flee, turn back, get down low, inhabitants of Dedan! The command emphasizes urgency.

Jeremiah 49:9

If grape gatherers came, would they not leave gleanings? The rhetorical questions establish complete destruction.

Jeremiah 49:10

I have stripped Esau bare; his offspring are destroyed; he is no more. Divine action establishes complete exposure.

Jeremiah 49:11

I will keep alive your orphans; widows trust in me. The divine promise introduces mercy within judgment.

Jeremiah 49:12

If those undeserving must drink the cup, you shall not go unpunished. The logic suggests innocent suffer, guilty certainly will.

Jeremiah 49:13

I have sworn by myself that Bozrah shall become horror and waste forever. The solemn oath emphasizes certainty.

Jeremiah 49:14

I have heard tidings; a messenger has been sent: Gather yourselves; come against her! The message spreads among nations.

Jeremiah 49:15

I will make you small among the nations, despised among humankind. The statement of reduction contrasts with historical prominence.

Jeremiah 49:16

The terror you inspire has deceived you; though you nest as high as an eagle, I will bring you down. The promise represents vulnerability despite position.

Jeremiah 49:17

Edom shall become a horror; everyone who passes will be horrified and hiss. The transformation emphasizes public shame.

Jeremiah 49:18

Like the overthrow of Sodom and Gomorrah, no one shall live there. The comparison emphasizes totality and finality.

Jeremiah 49:19

Like a lion from the Jordan's thickets, I will suddenly chase Edom away. The image represents overwhelming attack.

Jeremiah 49:20

Hear the counsel of the LORD taken against Edom; the little ones shall be dragged away. The invitation to hear establishes certainty.

Jeremiah 49:21

The earth quakes at the noise of their fall; the sound is heard at the Red Sea. The cosmic dimensions emphasize magnitude.

Jeremiah 49:22

One shall mount up and fly swiftly like an eagle and spread his wings against Bozrah. The image represents sudden attack.

Jeremiah 49:23

Concerning Damascus: Hamath and Arpad are confounded; they melt in fear. The oracle includes nearby affected cities.

Jeremiah 49:24

Damascus has become feeble; she has turned to flee; panic has seized her. The weakening and flight establish military collapse.

Jeremiah 49:25

How the famous city is forsaken! Her young men shall fall in squares. The contrast emphasizes reversal of status.

Jeremiah 49:26

I will kindle a fire in the wall of Damascus; it shall consume the strongholds. The image of fire represents destruction.

Jeremiah 49:27

Concerning Kedar and the kingdoms of Hazor: Rise up, advance against Kedar! The oracle against nomadic peoples.

Jeremiah 49:28

Their tents and flocks shall be taken; a cry shall be raised: Terror is all around! The enumeration emphasizes loss.

Jeremiah 49:29

Flee, wander far away, hide in deep places, O inhabitants of Hazor! The command emphasizes urgency.

Jeremiah 49:30

Woe to you, O Hazor! Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon has formed a plan against you. The repetition emphasizes certainty.

Jeremiah 49:31

Rise up, advance against a nation that lives in security without walls. The characterization emphasizes defensive vulnerability.

Jeremiah 49:32

Their camels shall become booty; I will scatter those with shaved temples; calamity from every side. The scattering emphasizes dispersion.

Jeremiah 49:33

Hazor shall become a lair of jackals, everlasting desolation. The transformation emphasizes permanent nature.

Jeremiah 49:34

The word concerning Elam at the beginning of Zedekiah's reign. The oracle against Elam introduces eastern power.

Jeremiah 49:35

I will break the bow of Elam, the mainstay of their might. The image represents destruction of military power.

Jeremiah 49:36

I will bring upon Elam the four winds; they shall be scattered to all winds. The image represents comprehensive dispersal.

Jeremiah 49:37

I will terrify Elam before enemies; I will bring disaster and my fierce anger. The terror before enemies emphasizes psychological devastation.

Jeremiah 49:38

I will set my throne in Elam and destroy their king and officials. The establishment of divine throne represents sovereignty.

Jeremiah 49:39

But in the latter days I will restore the fortunes of Elam. The restoration promise establishes eschatological hope.

Jeremiah 49:40

Thus far are the oracles concerning the nations. This conclusion marks the end of the collection.