“But I say, Did not Israel know? First Moses saith, I will provoke you to jealousy by them that are no people, and by a foolish nation I will anger you.”
Again I ask: Did Israel not understand? First, Moses says, 'I will make you envious by those who are not a nation; I will make you angry by a nation that has no understanding.' — Deuteronomy 32:21 is cited: Israel's rejection will be answered by God granting salvation to gentile nations; Israel's envy (παραζηλόω, parazēloō) and anger will be provoked. The excluded will be included.
Church Fathers on Romans 10:19
“But I say, Did not Israel know?” For what if they heard, he means, but did not know what was said, nor understand that these were the persons sent? Are they not to be forgiven for their ignorance? By no means. For Isaiah had described their character in the words, “How beautiful are the feet of them that preach the Gospel of peace.” Isaiah 52:7 And before him the Lawgiver himself. Hence he proceeds. “First Moses says, I will provoke you to jealousy by them that are no…
Nicene & Post-Nicene / Ante-Nicene Fathers translations · public domain
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