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PSALMS 9:17 — KING JAMES VERSION 0
Ps 9:16Ps 9:18
The wicked shall be turned into hell, and all the nations that forget God.
The affirmation that the wicked return to Sheol, all nations that forget God, establishes eschatological fate of those who reject divine authority. The mention of Sheol as destination for the wicked suggests finality and separation from God's presence, establishing death as ultimate consequence of godlessness. The connection between forgetting God and descent to Sheol suggests that apostasy leads inevitably to death, making covenant fidelity prerequisite for continued existence. This verse establishes the stark contrast between the fate of the righteous and the wicked.

Church Fathers on Psalms 9:17

1. The inscription of this Psalm is, “To the end for the hidden things of the Son, a Psalm of David himself.” As to the hidden things of the Son there may be a question: but since he has not added whose, the very only-begotten Son of God should be understood. For where a Psalm has been inscribed of the son of David, “When,” he says, “he fled from the face of Absalom his son;” although his name even was mentioned, and therefore there could be no obscurity as to whom it was…

Augustine · 4th century · Exposition on Psalm 9 (excerpt)
Nicene & Post-Nicene / Ante-Nicene Fathers translations · public domain
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