“Thou hast shewed thy people hard things: thou hast made us to drink the wine of astonishment.”
The reference to the people experiencing hard things and drinking from a cup of wine that makes them stagger establishes that the divine judgment has been severe and comprehensive. The imagery of being given bitter wine to drink connects to the tradition of the cup of God's wrath in prophetic literature. The reference to staggering suggests both the literal impact of military defeat and the emotional and spiritual disorientation that follows catastrophe. This verse deepens the depiction of the people's suffering and establishes that the disaster has affected not merely political structures but the entire people's sense of security and order.
Church Fathers on Psalms 60:3
1. David the king was one man, but not one man he figured; sometimes to wit he figured the Church of many men consisting, extended even unto the ends of the earth: but sometimes One Man he figured, Him he figured that is Mediator of God and men, the Man Christ Jesus. 1 Timothy 2:5 In this Psalm therefore, or rather in this Psalm's title, certain victorious actions of David are spoken of:...“To the end, in behalf of those men that shall be changed unto the title's inscription,…
Nicene & Post-Nicene / Ante-Nicene Fathers translations · public domain
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