Haughty eyes and a proud heart—the lamp of the wicked—are sin—a condemnation of arrogance, identifying pride as fundamentally sinful and as producing only darkness. The metaphor 'lamp of the wicked are sin' (ner rasha'im chet) is difficult but may suggest that the pride that guides the wicked is itself sinful; they are darkened from within. This verse connects to 6:17 (haughty eyes as an abomination) and establishes pride as the root sin. The theological significance involves the principle that separation from the fear of the LORD begins with pride.

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