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LUKE 1:18 — KING JAMES VERSION 0
Luke 1:17Luke 1:19
And Zacharias said unto the angel, Whereby shall I know this? for I am an old man, and my wife well stricken in years.
Zechariah asked the angel, how can I be sure of this? I am an old man and my wife is well along in years — Zechariah's question is the same as Abraham's implicit question and Sarah's laughter (Genesis 17–18): the natural impossibility of conception at their age makes the promise seem incredible. How can I be sure communicates a request for a confirming sign rather than simple belief. The contrast with Mary's how will this be (verse 34) is often noted: Mary asks about mechanism; Zechariah asks for proof. The angel's responses to the two questions will be very different.

Church Fathers on Luke 1:18

Considering his own age, and moreover the barrenness of his wife, Zacharias doubted; as it is said, And Zacharias said to the angel, Whereby shall I know this? as if he said, “How shall this be?” And he adds the reason of his doubting; For I am an old man. An unseasonable time of life, an ill-suited nature; the planter infirm, the soil barren. But it is thought by some a thing unpardonable. in the priest, that he raises a course of objections; for whenever God declares any…

Chrysostom · 4th century

As if he says, “If it were man who promised these miracles, one might with impunity demand a sign, but when an angel promises, it is then not right to doubt. It follows; And I am sent to speak to you.

Bede · 8th century

For when angels come to us, they so outwardly fulfill their ministry, as at the same time inwardly to be never absent from His sight; since, though the angelic spirit is circumscribed, the highest Spirit, which is God, is not circumscribed. The angels therefore even when sent are before Him, because on whatever mission they go, they pass within Him.

Gregory the Great · 6th century
Read all 12 entries in the readerCatena Aurea · St. Thomas Aquinas, tr. J. H. Newman · public domain
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Luke 1:18 — Community Reflections | HolyStudy