Afterward the men of Judah went down to fight against the Canaanites who lived in the hill country, in the Negev, and in the Shephelah. — The progression from Jerusalem southward and westward—'hill country... Negev... Shephelah'—traces a military campaign spanning Judah's diverse terrain and climate zones. Each geographical region presented distinct military challenges: the hill country required siege warfare against fortified settlements, the Negev involved conflict with nomadic and semi-settled populations, and the Shephelah represented the contested zone between highland and lowland. The verb 'went down' suggests tactical withdrawal or repositioning rather than sustained occupation, hinting at the nomadic character of this campaign.

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