“That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.”
Flesh gives birth to flesh, but the Spirit gives birth to spirit — the principle distinguishes natural (sarx) from spiritual (pneuma) birth, establishing two orders of existence. "Flesh" in John often connotes the material realm opposed to God's Spirit, though not matter's inherent evil. The symmetry (flesh—flesh, Spirit—spirit) emphasizes correspondence between origin and offspring, the born receiving nature of their parent.
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