“I have trodden the winepress alone; and of the people there was none with me: for I will tread them in mine anger, and trample them in my fury; and their blood shall be sprinkled upon my garments, and I will stain all my raiment.”
YHWH explicitly identifies himself as the one who trod the wine press, explaining that he trod nations in anger and trampled them in wrath, spilling their blood on the earth. The accumulation of violent verbs—trod, trampled, spilled—establishes comprehensive, overwhelming judgment. The attribution to divine anger and wrath indicates that judgment responds to provocation: the nations' rebellion necessitates divine retribution. The mention of blood spilled on earth echoes primal violence narratives, suggesting that divine judgment operates at apocalyptic intensity. This verse's theological claim—that YHWH personally executes justice—asserts divine direct action.
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