For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, but he rested on the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy. The fourth commandment is grounded in creation theology: God's own rest on the seventh day is the prototype of Israel's Sabbath rest. The Sabbath is not a human invention but a divine institution, built into the fabric of time from the beginning. Hebrews 4:3–4 says God's rest was finished from the foundation of the world — the Sabbath rest available to the people of God is the rest God entered at creation's completion. The blessing and sanctification of the seventh day at creation is the basis of the Sabbath's holiness in the commandment. What God blessed and set apart at creation, the commandment requires Israel to honor.

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