“Mortify therefore your members which are upon the earth; fornication, uncleanness, inordinate affection, evil concupiscence, and covetousness, which is idolatry:”
Put to death therefore what is earthly in you: sexual immorality, impurity, passion, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry — 'Put to death' (nekroo, mortify) demands active killing of vices. The list progresses: sexual sin (porneia, immorality), impurity (akatharsia, uncleanness), passion (pathos, uncontrolled desire), evil desire (epithymia, lust), covetousness (pleonexia, greed). The final equation—'covetousness is idolatry'—redefines sin: greed replaces God as ultimate loyalty. Vices are not mere ethics but theology.
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