The person without the Spirit does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are foolishness to them, and they cannot understand them because they are discerned only by the Spirit — 'the person without the Spirit' (psychikos anthrōpos, 'natural/soulish person') cannot 'accept' (dechestha) spiritual truths; they appear 'foolish' (mōria). The barrier is not intellectual lack but ontological: spiritual realities are 'discerned by the Spirit' (pneumatikōs anakrinetai), requiring the Spirit's indwelling presence. Knowledge of God is not an intellectual achievement but a gift of the Spirit.

COMMUNITY REFLECTIONS

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