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Numbers 29

1

And in the seventh month, on the first day of the month, ye shall have an holy convocation; ye shall do no servile work: it is a day of blowing the trumpets unto you.

2

And ye shall offer a burnt offering for a sweet savour unto the Lord; one young bullock, one ram, and seven lambs of the first year without blemish:

1
3

And their meat offering shall be of flour mingled with oil, three tenth deals for a bullock, and two tenth deals for a ram,

4

And one tenth deal for one lamb, throughout the seven lambs:

5

And one kid of the goats for a sin offering, to make an atonement for you:

1
6

Beside the burnt offering of the month, and his meat offering, and the daily burnt offering, and his meat offering, and their drink offerings, according unto their manner, for a sweet savour, a sacrifice made by fire unto the Lord.

7

And ye shall have on the tenth day of this seventh month an holy convocation; and ye shall afflict your souls: ye shall not do any work therein:

8

But ye shall offer a burnt offering unto the Lord for a sweet savour; one young bullock, one ram, and seven lambs of the first year; they shall be unto you without blemish:

9

And their meat offering shall be of flour mingled with oil, three tenth deals to a bullock, and two tenth deals to one ram,

10

A several tenth deal for one lamb, throughout the seven lambs:

11

One kid of the goats for a sin offering; beside the sin offering of atonement, and the continual burnt offering, and the meat offering of it, and their drink offerings.

12

And on the fifteenth day of the seventh month ye shall have an holy convocation; ye shall do no servile work, and ye shall keep a feast unto the Lord seven days:

13

And ye shall offer a burnt offering, a sacrifice made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the Lord; thirteen young bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year; they shall be without blemish:

14

And their meat offering shall be of flour mingled with oil, three tenth deals unto every bullock of the thirteen bullocks, two tenth deals to each ram of the two rams,

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And a several tenth deal to each lamb of the fourteen lambs:

16

And one kid of the goats for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, his meat offering, and his drink offering.

1
17

And on the second day ye shall offer twelve young bullocks, two rams, fourteen lambs of the first year without spot:

18

And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:

1
19

And one kid of the goats for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, and the meat offering thereof, and their drink offerings.

20

And on the third day eleven bullocks, two rams, fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish;

1
21

And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:

22

And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, and his meat offering, and his drink offering.

23

And on the fourth day ten bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish:

24

Their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:

25

And one kid of the goats for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, his meat offering, and his drink offering.

26

And on the fifth day nine bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without spot:

27

And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:

28

And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, and his meat offering, and his drink offering.

29

And on the sixth day eight bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish:

30

And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:

31

And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, his meat offering, and his drink offering.

32

And on the seventh day seven bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish:

33

And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:

34

And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, his meat offering, and his drink offering.

35

On the eighth day ye shall have a solemn assembly: ye shall do no servile work therein:

36

But ye shall offer a burnt offering, a sacrifice made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the Lord: one bullock, one ram, seven lambs of the first year without blemish:

37

Their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullock, for the ram, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner:

38

And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, and his meat offering, and his drink offering.

39

These things ye shall do unto the Lord in your set feasts, beside your vows, and your freewill offerings, for your burnt offerings, and for your meat offerings, and for your drink offerings, and for your peace offerings.

40

And Moses told the children of Israel according to all that the Lord commanded Moses.

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Numbers 29

The sacrificial calendar continues with more detail, emphasizing the Day of Atonement (one bull, one ram, seven lambs) and the Feast of Tabernacles with its unique 'descending bull' pattern: thirteen bulls on the first day, twelve on the second, decreasing to seven on the seventh day, a pattern that remains mathematically and theologically mysterious but suggests escalating complexity that culminates in simplicity. The eighth-day solemn assembly (sheqel atzeret) prescribes a single bull (not multiple), establishing it as a separate, more intimate gathering that concludes the extended Tabernacles festival, possibly foreshadowing eschatological rest or the ultimate completion of the festival cycle. Each day's offering is accompanied by the standard grain and drink offerings, maintaining the pattern of standardization while the bull numbers vary, creating a mathematical precision that ties the priests' work to cosmic ordering. The chapter's emphasis on precise numbers—13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7 bulls across Tabernacles' seven days—suggests that the festival's structure encodes divine ordering, and the priest's role is to execute this pattern with exactness, making sacrifice a form of cosmic coordination. The connection between the Day of Atonement (purification, singular) and Tabernacles (dwelling, plural) suggests movement from individual or communal cleansing into the joy of festival and divine dwelling, establishing a theological trajectory from judgment to celebration. Numbers 29's detailed prescriptions establish that Israel's future in Canaan will be marked by an elaborate, perpetual, and precisely calculated system of offerings that occupies the priestly class and structures the community's temporal experience, making the priesthood guardians not merely of the tabernacle but of the temporal order itself. The calendar prescriptions (Numbers 28–29) together establish sacrifice as the constitutive practice of covenant community and provide the blueprint for Israel's worship that will persist through the monarchical and Second Temple periods.

Numbers 29:35

On the eighth day ye shall have a solemn assembly: ye shall do no servile work therein — After seven days of Tabernacles, the eighth day (Shemini Atzeret, the solemn assembly) provides a day of rest and reflection. This eighth day completes the festival cycle and marks transition into ordinary time.

Numbers 29:36

But ye shall offer a burnt offering, a sacrifice made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the LORD: one bullock, one ram, seven lambs of the first year without blemish — The eighth day includes a final burnt offering, matching the pattern of the Day of Trumpets and Day of Atonement: one bullock, one ram, seven lambs. This solitary offering, without the descending series of Tabernacles, stands as the festival's closing statement. The simplification from abundance to unity reflects a return to ordinary pattern.

Numbers 29:37

Their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullock, for the ram, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner — The grain and drink offerings follow the single-day pattern.

Numbers 29:38

And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, and his meat offering, and his drink offering — The sin offering on the eighth day ensures covenant purity as the festival concludes.

Numbers 29:39

These things ye shall do unto the LORD in your set feasts, beside your vows, and your freewill offerings, for your burnt offerings, and for your meat offerings, and for your drink offerings, and for your peace offerings — This verse summarizes the sacrificial calendar: all these offerings are in addition to vows and freewill offerings that individuals might bring. The system establishes both obligatory (the calendar of festivals) and voluntary (vows and freewill offerings) dimensions of worship. Israel's covenant relationship includes both required and spontaneous expressions.

Numbers 29:40

So Moses told the children of Israel according to all that the LORD commanded him — Moses communicates the entire sacrificial calendar to the congregation, completing the transfer of divine instruction into community practice. The second generation receives not just the land but a fully detailed system for maintaining covenant relationship through structured worship. The calendrical system ensures that no generation can forget the sacred story or neglect the ritual connection to God.

Numbers 29:3

And their meat offering shall be of fine flour mingled with oil; three tenth deals for the bullock, and two tenth deals for the ram — The grain offerings follow the established proportional pattern.

Numbers 29:4

And one tenth deal for one of the seven lambs — Individual lamb offerings maintain the principle of particular attention.

Numbers 29:5

And one kid of the goats for a sin offering, to make an atonement for you — The sin offering purifies the community during the Day of Trumpets, maintaining covenant standing as the seventh month (the season of festivals) opens.

Numbers 29:6

Beside the burnt offering of the month, and his meat offering, and the continual burnt offering, and his meat offering, and their drink offerings, according unto their manner, for a sweet savour, a sacrifice made by fire unto the LORD — The Day of Trumpets offering is in addition to monthly and daily offerings, creating a layered intensity. The phrase 'according unto their manner' indicates adherence to established patterns. The 'sweet savour' terminology continues, showing that all these offerings produce divine pleasure.

Numbers 29:7

And ye shall have on the tenth day of this seventh month an holy convocation; and ye shall afflict your souls: ye shall not do any work — The Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) falls on the tenth of Tishri, nine days after the Day of Trumpets. The community is commanded to 'afflict your souls' (anah et-nafshechem), a phrase interpreted as fasting and ritual self-denial. No work is permitted; all attention turns to expiation.

Numbers 29:8

But ye shall offer a burnt offering unto the LORD for a sweet savour; one young bullock, one ram, and seven lambs of the first year; they shall be without blemish — Strikingly, the Day of Atonement includes a burnt offering, despite its focus on expiation rather than thanksgiving. The offering (one bullock, one ram, seven lambs) is the same as the Day of Trumpets, indicating parallel importance. The paradox—celebration on the most solemn day—suggests that even in judgment and expiation, the community offers positive sacrifice to the LORD.

Numbers 29:9

And their meat offering shall be of fine flour mingled with oil; three tenth deals to the bullock, and two tenth deals to one ram — The grain offerings scale appropriately with the animals offered.

Numbers 29:10

A several tenth deal for every one of the seven lambs — Individual lamb offerings continue the pattern of particular attention.

Numbers 29:11

One kid of the goats for a sin offering; beside the sin offering of atonement, and the continual burnt offering, and the meat offering of it, and their drink offerings — The Day of Atonement includes not one but two sin offerings: the goat presented here, and the elaborate sin offering ritual overseen by the high priest (Leviticus 16) in which two goats figure—one sacrificed, one sent to Azazel (the wilderness). This verse indicates that general sin offerings are also made alongside the high priest's special ritual, ensuring comprehensive expiation.

Numbers 29:12

And on the fifteenth day of the seventh month ye shall have an holy convocation; ye shall do no servile work, and ye shall keep a feast unto the LORD seven days — The Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot) begins on the fifteenth of Tishri, five days after Atonement. This festival celebrates the ingathering of the harvest and commemorates the wilderness wandering when Israel dwelt in temporary shelters. The second generation will observe this festival in the land, remembering their parents' journey.

Numbers 29:13

And ye shall offer a burnt offering, a sacrifice made by fire of a sweet savour unto the LORD, thirteen young bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish — The Tabernacles festival explodes in sacrificial intensity: thirteen bullocks, two rams, fourteen lambs on the first day alone. This is the most elaborate daily offering in the entire calendar. The number thirteen emphasizes abundance and completeness, reflecting the harvest theme of the festival.

Numbers 29:14

And their meat offering shall be of fine flour mingled with oil; three tenth deals unto every bullock of the thirteen bullocks, two tenth deals to each ram of the two rams — The grain offerings scale with the number of animals, creating massive quantities of fine flour and oil being presented to the LORD. The specificity demonstrates that the sacrificial system can handle and account for even the most elaborate offerings.

Numbers 29:15

And a several tenth deal to every one of the fourteen lambs — Each lamb receives individual grain offering, a principle maintained even in the abundance of Tabernacles.

Numbers 29:16

And one kid of the goats for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, his meat offering, and his drink offering — The sin offering on the first day of Tabernacles ensures covenant purity during the festival.

Numbers 29:17

And on the second day ye shall offer twelve young bullocks, two rams, fourteen lambs of the first year without spot — The second day of Tabernacles sees the bullock count drop to twelve, establishing a descending pattern. The dramatic tapering from thirteen to twelve suggests that the festival's intensity decreases through the seven days, though it remains substantial.

Numbers 29:18

And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner — The grain and drink offerings follow proportionally, maintaining the mathematical precision of the system.

Numbers 29:19

And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, and the meat offering thereof, and the drink offering thereof — The sin offering on day two purifies the community, maintaining covenant standing throughout the festival.

Numbers 29:20

And on the third day eleven bullocks, two rams, fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish — Day three: eleven bullocks. The descending pattern (13-12-11) continues with mathematical precision.

Numbers 29:21

And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner — The proportional scaling repeats.

Numbers 29:22

And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, and his meat offering, and his drink offering — The sin offering ensures continued covenant purity.

Numbers 29:23

And on the fourth day ten bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish — Day four: ten bullocks. The descent continues (13-12-11-10).

Numbers 29:24

Their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner — The established pattern repeats.

Numbers 29:25

And one kid of the goats for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, his meat offering, and his drink offering — The sin offering on day four maintains expiation.

Numbers 29:26

And on the fifth day nine bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish — Day five: nine bullocks (13-12-11-10-9). The descending arithmetic progression continues with elegant simplicity.

Numbers 29:27

And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner — The proportional pattern persists.

Numbers 29:28

And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, and his meat offering, and his drink offering — Expiation remains constant.

Numbers 29:29

And on the sixth day eight bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish — Day six: eight bullocks (13-12-11-10-9-8). The pattern remains mathematically clear.

Numbers 29:30

And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner — The scaling principle continues.

Numbers 29:31

And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, his meat offering, and his drink offering — Sin offering day six.

Numbers 29:32

And on the seventh day seven bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of the first year without blemish — Day seven: seven bullocks (13-12-11-10-9-8-7). The descent reaches completion, with the final day matching the number of rams and lambs—a symmetrical conclusion to the festival's first week.

Numbers 29:33

And their meat offering and their drink offerings for the bullocks, for the rams, and for the lambs, shall be according to their number, after the manner — The proportional pattern closes the festival week.

Numbers 29:34

And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, his meat offering, and his drink offering — The final day's sin offering completes the expiation for the seven-day festival.

Numbers 29:1

And in the seventh month, on the first day of the month, ye shall have an holy convocation; ye shall do no servile work: it is a day of blowing the trumpets unto you — The seventh month (Tishri) opens with a holy assembly marked by trumpet blasts (yom teruah). The shofar blowing signals the community to gather and remember the covenant. The second generation, entering the land in autumn (based on Joshua 3-5), will immediately observe this festival.

Numbers 29:2

And ye shall offer a burnt offering for a sweet savour unto the LORD; one young bullock, one ram, and seven lambs of the first year without blemish — The Day of Trumpets includes a substantial burnt offering: one bullock, one ram, seven lambs. Though slightly less grand than the Passover and Firstfruits offerings (which included two bullocks), the Day of Trumpets remains a major festival.