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Job 15

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Then answered Eliphaz the Temanite, and said,

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Should a wise man utter vain knowledge, and fill his belly with the east wind?

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Should he reason with unprofitable talk? or with speeches wherewith he can do no good?

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Yea, thou castest off fear, and restrainest prayer before God.

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For thy mouth uttereth thine iniquity, and thou choosest the tongue of the crafty.

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Thine own mouth condemneth thee, and not I: yea, thine own lips testify against thee.

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Art thou the first man that was born? or wast thou made before the hills?

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Hast thou heard the secret of God? and dost thou restrain wisdom to thyself?

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What knowest thou, that we know not? what understandest thou, which is not in us?

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With us are both the grayheaded and very aged men, much elder than thy father.

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Are the consolations of God small with thee? is there any secret thing with thee?

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Why doth thine heart carry thee away? and what do thy eyes wink at,

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That thou turnest thy spirit against God, and lettest such words go out of thy mouth?

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What is man, that he should be clean? and he which is born of a woman, that he should be righteous?

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Behold, he putteth no trust in his saints; yea, the heavens are not clean in his sight.

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How much more abominable and filthy is man, which drinketh iniquity like water?

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I will shew thee, hear me; and that which I have seen I will declare;

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Which wise men have told from their fathers, and have not hid it:

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Unto whom alone the earth was given, and no stranger passed among them.

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The wicked man travaileth with pain all his days, and the number of years is hidden to the oppressor.

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A dreadful sound is in his ears: in prosperity the destroyer shall come upon him.

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He believeth not that he shall return out of darkness, and he is waited for of the sword.

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He wandereth abroad for bread, saying, Where is it? he knoweth that the day of darkness is ready at his hand.

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Trouble and anguish shall make him afraid; they shall prevail against him, as a king ready to the battle.

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For he stretcheth out his hand against God, and strengtheneth himself against the Almighty.

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He runneth upon him, even on his neck, upon the thick bosses of his bucklers:

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Because he covereth his face with his fatness, and maketh collops of fat on his flanks.

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And he dwelleth in desolate cities, and in houses which no man inhabiteth, which are ready to become heaps.

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He shall not be rich, neither shall his substance continue, neither shall he prolong the perfection thereof upon the earth.

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He shall not depart out of darkness; the flame shall dry up his branches, and by the breath of his mouth shall he go away.

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Let not him that is deceived trust in vanity: for vanity shall be his recompence.

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It shall be accomplished before his time, and his branch shall not be green.

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He shall shake off his unripe grape as the vine, and shall cast off his flower as the olive.

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For the congregation of hypocrites shall be desolate, and fire shall consume the tabernacles of bribery.

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They conceive mischief, and bring forth vanity, and their belly prepareth deceit.

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Job 15

Eliphaz responds again to Job, now speaking with greater hostility and suggesting that Job's words betray his guilt and that he is condemned by his own mouth, reversing the earlier gentle approach to a more accusatory stance. Eliphaz asserts that the wicked experience exactly the kind of suffering that Job is experiencing, and therefore Job's suffering proves his wickedness, applying his theological system with increasing rigidity and decreasing compassion. He suggests that Job is presuming to challenge wisdom that even angels cannot comprehend, and that Job's rebellious questioning is itself evidence of spiritual corruption. Eliphaz's escalating hostility reveals what happens when doctrine is prioritized over relationship: the friends move from concern to judgment, from attempts to comfort to attempts to force Job to conform to their theological framework. The chapter demonstrates that the friends' real agenda has shifted from understanding Job's suffering to defending their own theology, and that Job's refusal to accept their explanations is being reinterpreted as moral corruption rather than as legitimate spiritual struggle. This chapter marks the beginning of the friends' descent into increasingly harsh judgment of Job, a descent that reflects their inability to maintain compassion in the face of Job's refusal to accept their theology.

Job 15:1

Then Eliphaz the Temanite answered and said:" This marks the beginning of Eliphaz's second speech, which will be harsher than his first. The formal opening resets the dialogue as the friends continue their arguments. Eliphaz has apparently decided that subtlety and sympathy are ineffective; he will now become more directly accusatory. The verse signals a hardening of the friends' stance against Job.

Job 15:2

"Should a wise man answer with windy knowledge, and fill his belly with the east wind?" Eliphaz directly attacks Job's claim to wisdom. The "windy knowledge" and "east wind" suggest that Job's arguments are all bluster and emptiness, lacking substance. Eliphaz implies that Job's verbosity masks the absence of genuine insight. This verse establishes the friends' determination to discredit Job's intellectual standing.

Job 15:3

"Should he argue in unprofitable talk, or in words with which he can do no good?" Eliphaz suggests that Job's speeches are not merely wrong but useless—they accomplish nothing constructive. The friends have now moved from treating Job as a patient to treating him as an obstructor who must be silenced. This verse reflects growing frustration with Job's refusal to accept their interpretations.

Job 15:4

"But you are doing away with the fear of God and hindering meditation before God." Eliphaz accuses Job of impiety—his arguments undermine reverence for God and obstruct prayer. The implication is that Job's complaint is blasphemous, that his willingness to challenge divine justice is itself evidence of spiritual corruption. This verse shifts the charge from guilt to heresy.

Job 15:5

"For your iniquity teaches your mouth, and you choose the tongue of the crafty." Eliphaz suggests that Job's own guilt is expressed through his speech. The tongue reveals the heart; Job's eloquence betrays his wickedness. The verse reflects the friends' conviction that Job's suffering proves his guilt, and his vigorous defense proves his deviousness. He is trapped by their logic: suffering proves guilt, and denying guilt proves corruption.

Job 15:6

"Your own mouth condemns you, not I; your own lips testify against you." Eliphaz refuses the role of accuser; he claims that Job is self-condemned. His speeches are his own indictment. This rhetorical move absolves the friends of cruelty by attributing the judgment to Job himself. Yet it is precisely the friends' pressure that compels Job's words, so the move is specious.

Job 15:7

"Are you the first man that was born? Or were you brought forth before the hills?" Eliphaz now appeals to wisdom tradition, suggesting that Job cannot have access to primordial or transcendent knowledge. The rhetorical questions imply that Job has presumed to speak with the voice of primordial wisdom while being merely human and recent. This verse begins Eliphaz's argument that human pretension to wisdom is itself sinful.

Job 15:8

"Have you listened in the council of God? And do you limit wisdom to yourself?" Eliphaz asks whether Job has been present in God's decision-making, implying that he has not. Job claims insight into divine purposes, but Eliphaz suggests this is pretentious. The verse returns to the friends' earlier theme: they claim access to traditional wisdom about how God operates; Job claims direct experience; neither can be verified, but Eliphaz privileges tradition.

Job 15:9

"What do you know that we do not know? What do you understand that is not clear to us?" Eliphaz asserts that the friends' wisdom encompasses everything Job knows. There is no unique insight available to Job, no personal knowledge that transcends their traditional understanding. This verse denies the possibility that Job's suffering could provide wisdom inaccessible to the prosperous.

Job 15:10

"Both the gray-haired and the very aged are among us, older than your father." Eliphaz invokes the authority of age. The friends' ranks include the ancient, whose experience stretches far beyond Job's lifetime. This verse appeals to tradition and longevity as superior to Job's personal moment of crisis. Yet it also suggests that wisdom literature is a collective inheritance, not an individual achievement.

Job 15:11

"Are the consolations of God too small for you, or the word that deals gently with you?" Eliphaz suggests that the friends' comfort and the gentle words they have offered should suffice. Job's rejection of their consolations is presented as ingratitude and spiritual arrogance. The verse implies that Job's demand for more—more pain relief, more divine explanation—is unreasonable.

Job 15:12

"Why does your heart carry you away, and why do your eyes flash." Eliphaz observes Job's emotional intensity—his carried-away heart, his flashing eyes—and treats it as evidence of spiritual corruption. What Job experiences as passion for truth, Eliphaz reads as rage and impetuousness. The verse reflects the friends' difficulty in recognizing legitimate emotion in Job; they pathologize his intensity.

Job 15:13

"That you turn your spirit against God and let such words go out of your mouth?" Eliphaz defines Job's complaint as a turning-away from God, a spiritual rejection. The words that Job speaks are presented as emanating from a turned spirit—a being whose fundamental orientation is away from rather than toward the divine. This verse treats Job's argument as moral choice rather than intellectual necessity.

Job 15:14

"What is man, that he can be clean? Or he that is born of a woman, that he can be righteous?" Eliphaz returns to universal human depravity. This verse echoes Job's own meditation in chapter 14 on human weakness, but Eliphaz uses it to deny Job's claim to righteousness. If all humans are unclean, then Job cannot validly claim innocence. The verse deploys universalism as a weapon against Job's particularism.

Job 15:15

"Behold, God puts no trust in his holy ones, and the heavens are not clean in his sight." Eliphaz moves beyond human depravity to cosmic moral instability. Even heavenly beings and the heavens themselves cannot claim cleanness. This escalation suggests that no created thing can achieve the purity that God demands. Job's claim to innocence is not merely unlikely; it is cosmically impossible.

Job 15:16

"How much less one who is abominable and corrupt, a man who drinks injustice like water!" The final step in Eliphaz's argument: humans, far below celestial beings, are thoroughly corrupt. The image of drinking injustice suggests that humans are not merely sinful by nature but actively pursue and consume wrongdoing. Job is compressed into this category of humans who are abominable and corrupt.

Job 15:17

"I will show you; hear me, and what I have seen I will declare." Eliphaz shifts to a new mode: he will testify from his own experience and that of the tradition. This verse suggests that Eliphaz has wisdom to impart, derived from careful observation. The shift from argument to testimony is meant to establish Eliphaz's authority as witness.

Job 15:18

"What wise men have told, and their fathers have not hidden." Eliphaz appeals to the wisdom tradition transmitted through generations. The fact that fathers did not hide this wisdom suggests its universality—it is not secret knowledge but common understanding. Yet by attributing wisdom to fathers and wise ancestors, Eliphaz also implies that this knowledge predates and transcends any single individual's experience.

Job 15:19

"To whom alone the land was given, and no stranger passed among them." Eliphaz seems to refer to the patriarchal past when the righteous alone possessed the land, undisturbed by foreigners. The isolation of the righteous from the wicked is presented as historical norm. This verse establishes a golden age in which the moral order was uncorrupted by mixing of righteous and wicked.

Job 15:20

"The wicked man writhes in pain all his days, and the number of years is hidden from the tyrant." Eliphaz returns to the retributive schema: the wicked suffer visibly, and their lives are shortened. The verse asserts that even if the wicked prosper for a time, their fate is suffering and premature death. This is the core of the friends' theology.

Job 15:21

"Dreadful sounds are in his ears; in prosperity the destroyer will come upon him." The wicked lives in constant psychological torment and anticipates disaster. Even when prosperous, fear pervades his experience. The verse suggests that the wicked cannot enjoy their gains because internal dread prevents peace. Conscience or cosmic order ensures that the wicked know their doom is approaching.

Job 15:22

"He does not believe that he will return from darkness, and he is marked for the sword." The wicked person has lost faith in deliverance. He knows he is marked for destruction and cannot escape it. The verse emphasizes the finality of the wicked person's fate—there is no redemption, only the sword. In contrast to this absolute condemnation, the righteous person would possess hope and deliverance.

Job 15:23

"He wanders abroad for bread, saying, 'Where is it?' He knows that a day of darkness is ready at his hand." The wicked person is restless, searching for sustenance but never satisfied. More importantly, he is aware of his approaching doom. The verse suggests that the wicked person's suffering is not merely external but includes knowledge of impending disaster. This knowledge is a form of torment in itself.

Job 15:24

"Distress and anguish terrify him; they overpower him, like a king ready for battle." The wicked person is overwhelmed by internal anguish that attacks him like a military force. The comparison to a king suggests that no status or power can protect the wicked from their appointed suffering. External achievement is irrelevant because internal psychological collapse is inevitable.

Job 15:25

"Because he has stretched out his hand against God and bids defiance to the Almighty." Eliphaz finally specifies the wicked person's essential sin: rebellion against God. The stretched-out hand and defiant attitude are presented as the root of retribution. This verse suggests that retribution is justified response to spiritual rebellion, not arbitrary divine cruelty.

Job 15:26

"He runs toward him with a thick neck, with a thickly bosses shield." The wicked person approaches God with arrogant, stiffened neck and defensive posture. The image suggests both foolish aggression and futile self-protection. The thick neck and shield are presented as inadequate against divine power. The verse emphasizes that the wicked person's resistance is both spiritually rebellious and practically futile.

Job 15:27

"Because he has covered his face with his fat and gathered fat upon his loins." The wicked person is described in terms of bloated excess. The fatness suggests both material prosperity and moral corruption—the external condition reflects internal putrefaction. This verse uses bodily image to suggest that the wicked person is swollen with ill-gotten gain.

Job 15:28

"He will dwell in desolate cities, in houses which no one inhabits, which are destined to become heaps." The wicked person's prosperity is illusory; he dwells in abandoned ruins. The verse suggests that the fruits of wickedness cannot endure. What the wicked person claims as possession will crumble to heaps. Material acquisition based on injustice has no foundation.

Job 15:29

"He will not be rich, and his wealth will not endure, nor will his possessions spread over the earth." Eliphaz reiterates the instability of the wicked person's prosperity. Whatever gains are made will dissipate. The verse asserts that injustice cannot generate stable wealth; the cosmos itself ensures that ill-gotten gain cannot persist.

Job 15:30

"He will not depart from darkness; a flame will dry up his branches, and by the breath of his mouth he will pass away." The wicked person's fate is darkness, desiccation, and ultimate extinction. The imagery—dried branches, evaporation by divine breath—suggests that the wicked person is unmade. The breath that created now destroys, suggesting that creation and destruction are both divine prerogatives.

Job 15:31

"Let him not trust in emptiness, deceiving himself, for emptiness will be his recompense." Eliphaz warns against false confidence. The wicked person who trusts in illusion will receive illusion as return. The verse suggests that the wicked person is already self-deluded; retribution is merely the clarification of this delusion. Emptiness entered, emptiness received.

Job 15:32

"It will be fulfilled before his day, and his branch will not be green." The wicked person's ruin comes prematurely, and his line will not flourish. The withering branch suggests that the wicked person's legacy is also destroyed; nothing thrives from wickedness. The verse extends retribution across time, affecting both the wicked person's life and his descendants.

Job 15:33

"He will shake off his unripe grape like the vine, and cast off his blossom like the olive tree." The wicked person cannot bring his projects to fruition. His endeavors abort before maturity, like fruit falling prematurely. The verse suggests that the wicked person's efforts are repeatedly thwarted, that his life is a series of failed attempts. Completion is impossible for the wicked.

Job 15:34

"For the company of the godless is barren, and fire consumes the tents of those who love bribes." Eliphaz moves from individual to collective: the wicked person's community is sterile and destined for destruction. Fire consumes their dwellings. The verse extends the retribution to entire societies based on unrighteousness, suggesting that moral judgment operates at social scale.

Job 15:35

"They conceive mischief and bring forth iniquity, and their belly prepares deceit." The final verse of Eliphaz's second speech describes the generative process of wickedness: conception of mischief, birth of iniquity, preparation of deceit. Wickedness is self-perpetuating, breeding more wickedness. The verse suggests that once someone enters the cycle of unrighteousness, reproduction of evil becomes involuntary, almost biological. Eliphaz concludes his speech by presenting the logic of retribution as seemingly inexorable and cosmic in scale.