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2 Chronicles 25

1

Amaziah was twenty and five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned twenty and nine years in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Jehoaddan of Jerusalem.

2

And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord, but not with a perfect heart.

3

Now it came to pass, when the kingdom was established to him, that he slew his servants that had killed the king his father.

4

But he slew not their children, but did as it is written in the law in the book of Moses, where the Lord commanded, saying, The fathers shall not die for the children, neither shall the children die for the fathers, but every man shall die for his own sin.

5

Moreover Amaziah gathered Judah together, and made them captains over thousands, and captains over hundreds, according to the houses of their fathers, throughout all Judah and Benjamin: and he numbered them from twenty years old and above, and found them three hundred thousand choice men, able to go forth to war, that could handle spear and shield.

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6

He hired also an hundred thousand mighty men of valour out of Israel for an hundred talents of silver.

7

But there came a man of God to him, saying, O king, let not the army of Israel go with thee; for the Lord is not with Israel, to wit, with all the children of Ephraim.

8

But if thou wilt go, do it, be strong for the battle: God shall make thee fall before the enemy: for God hath power to help, and to cast down.

9

And Amaziah said to the man of God, But what shall we do for the hundred talents which I have given to the army of Israel? And the man of God answered, The Lord is able to give thee much more than this.

10

Then Amaziah separated them, to wit, the army that was come to him out of Ephraim, to go home again: wherefore their anger was greatly kindled against Judah, and they returned home in great anger.

11

And Amaziah strengthened himself, and led forth his people, and went to the valley of salt, and smote of the children of Seir ten thousand.

12

And other ten thousand left alive did the children of Judah carry away captive, and brought them unto the top of the rock, and cast them down from the top of the rock, that they all were broken in pieces.

13

But the soldiers of the army which Amaziah sent back, that they should not go with him to battle, fell upon the cities of Judah, from Samaria even unto Beth–horon, and smote three thousand of them, and took much spoil.

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14

Now it came to pass, after that Amaziah was come from the slaughter of the Edomites, that he brought the gods of the children of Seir, and set them up to be his gods, and bowed down himself before them, and burned incense unto them.

15

Wherefore the anger of the Lord was kindled against Amaziah, and he sent unto him a prophet, which said unto him, Why hast thou sought after the gods of the people, which could not deliver their own people out of thine hand?

16

And it came to pass, as he talked with him, that the king said unto him, Art thou made of the king’s counsel? forbear; why shouldest thou be smitten? Then the prophet forbare, and said, I know that God hath determined to destroy thee, because thou hast done this, and hast not hearkened unto my counsel.

17

Then Amaziah king of Judah took advice, and sent to Joash, the son of Jehoahaz, the son of Jehu, king of Israel, saying, Come, let us see one another in the face.

18

And Joash king of Israel sent to Amaziah king of Judah, saying, The thistle that was in Lebanon sent to the cedar that was in Lebanon, saying, Give thy daughter to my son to wife: and there passed by a wild beast that was in Lebanon, and trode down the thistle.

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Thou sayest, Lo, thou hast smitten the Edomites; and thine heart lifteth thee up to boast: abide now at home; why shouldest thou meddle to thine hurt, that thou shouldest fall, even thou, and Judah with thee?

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But Amaziah would not hear; for it came of God, that he might deliver them into the hand of their enemies, because they sought after the gods of Edom.

21

So Joash the king of Israel went up; and they saw one another in the face, both he and Amaziah king of Judah, at Beth–shemesh, which belongeth to Judah.

22

And Judah was put to the worse before Israel, and they fled every man to his tent.

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And Joash the king of Israel took Amaziah king of Judah, the son of Joash, the son of Jehoahaz, at Beth–shemesh, and brought him to Jerusalem, and brake down the wall of Jerusalem from the gate of Ephraim to the corner gate, four hundred cubits.

24

And he took all the gold and the silver, and all the vessels that were found in the house of God with Obed–edom, and the treasures of the king’s house, the hostages also, and returned to Samaria.

25

And Amaziah the son of Joash king of Judah lived after the death of Joash son of Jehoahaz king of Israel fifteen years.

26

Now the rest of the acts of Amaziah, first and last, behold, are they not written in the book of the kings of Judah and Israel?

27

Now after the time that Amaziah did turn away from following the Lord they made a conspiracy against him in Jerusalem; and he fled to Lachish: but they sent to Lachish after him, and slew him there.

28

And they brought him upon horses, and buried him with his fathers in the city of Judah.

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2 Chronicles 25

Amaziah begins his reign with promise, executing his father's assassins according to the law while showing mercy, but then turns to idolatry by importing the gods of defeated Edom, provoking a prophet to rebuke him and setting the stage for his own defeat and downfall. The narrative establishes that Amaziah's military victory over Edom occurs while he still maintains some degree of faithfulness, but his subsequent importation of Edomite gods represents a fundamental breach in covenant dedication that brings prophetic rebuke and divine judgment. When Amaziah, flushed with military victory, boasts of his power and prowess and challenges Israel to battle, his arrogance and idolatry combine to produce a stunning military defeat at the hands of Israel's King Joash, demonstrating that covenant unfaithfulness ensures defeat regardless of previous military success. Amaziah's capture and humiliation, the destruction of Jerusalem's defensive walls, and the plunder of the temple and palace represent comprehensive judgment on his covenant violation, suggesting that God allows destruction of the very institutions he had blessed in order to recall an unfaithful king and people to their covenant obligations. The narrative notes that after his humiliation, Amaziah turns away from following the LORD, initiating a conspiracy against him that results in his assassination, establishing that covenant unfaithfulness produces a downward spiral from which recovery becomes increasingly difficult. The chapter establishes the pattern that even successful military exploits, when achieved by a king who has abandoned covenant faithfulness, become occasions for pride and further spiritual decline rather than for gratitude and renewed devotion to God.

2 Chronicles 25:5

The northern mercenaries — 'He also hired a hundred thousand mighty men of valor from Israel for one hundred talents of silver' (ויעד אמציה מישׂראל מאת אלף גיבור חיל בכסף מאה ככר). Amaziah supplements his force with 100,000 northern mercenaries for 100 talents of silver. The mercenary arrangement suggests reliance on professional soldiers from the north. The transaction is explicitly commercial (בכסף, for silver), indicating that military power can be purchased.

2 Chronicles 25:6

The prophet's intervention — 'But a man of God came to him and said,

2 Chronicles 25:7

Amaziah's economic complaint — 'Amaziah said to the man of God,

2 Chronicles 25:1

Amaziah's accession — 'Amaziah was twenty-five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned twenty-nine years in Jerusalem. His mother's name was Jehoaddan of Jerusalem' (אמציה בן עשׂרים וחמש שׁנה בממלכו ותשׁע ועשׁרים שׁנה מלך בירושׁלם ושׁם אמו יהועדן מירושׁלם). The accession age (twenty-five) and reign length (twenty-nine years) indicate a substantial reign. The mother's identification (Jehoaddan of Jerusalem) suggests a locally-rooted, legitimate lineage. The chronological precision grants credibility to the narrative.

2 Chronicles 25:2

Amaziah's moral evaluation — qualified righteousness — 'And he did what was right in the sight of the LORD, yet not with a whole heart' (ויעשׂ הישׁר בעיני יהוה אך לא בלב שׁלם). The qualifier 'yet not with a whole heart' (אך לא בלב שׁלם) is distinctive — Amaziah does what is right, but without complete devotion. The phrase בלב שׁלם (whole heart) appears in the covenant language; Amaziah's righteousness is incomplete, compromised. This assessment sets up the later pattern of his reign: initial strength followed by moral weakening.

2 Chronicles 25:3

The purge of his father's murderers — 'As soon as the royal power was firmly in his hand, he killed his servants who had murdered his father the king. But he did not put their children to death, according to what is written in the Law of Moses, where the LORD commanded,

2 Chronicles 25:4

Conscription and census — 'Moreover, Amaziah assembled the people of Judah, and organized them by families under commanders of the thousands and the hundreds for all Judah and Benjamin. He mustered those twenty years old and upward, and found that they were three hundred thousand picked troops fit for war' (ויקבץ אמציה את יהודה וַיַּעֲמִידֵם לַמִּשְׁמַר לְשָׂרֵי הָאֲלָפִים וּלְשָׂרֵי הַמֵּאוֹת לְכֹל יְהוּדָה וּבִנְיָמִן וַיִּפְקֹד אוֹתָם מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וַמָּעְלָה וַיִּמְצָא אוֹתָם שְׁלֹשׁ־מֵאוֹת־אֶלֶף בָּחוּר יוֹצֵא חַיִל). Amaziah conducts a military muster, organizing by provinces and commanders. The figure 300,000 elite troops (שׁלשׁ מאות אלף בחור יוצא חיל) represents substantial military capacity. The organization reflects administrative sophistication; the census demonstrates monarchical control and resource mobilization.

2 Chronicles 25:8

Amaziah's obedience — the dismissal — 'Then Amaziah dismissed the army that had come to him from Ephraim, to go home again. Their anger was greatly kindled against Judah, and they returned home in fierce anger' (וַיְבַדְּלֵם אַמְצְיָהוּ לַחֵיל שׁבָא לוֹ מֵאֶפְרַיִם לָלֶכֶת לִמְקוֹמוֹ וַיִּחַר אַפּוֹ מְאֹד בִּיהוּדָה וַיָּשֻׁבוּ לִמְקוֹמוֹ בַּחֲרוֹן־אַף). Amaziah obeys the prophet, dismissing (בדל, separated) the northern mercenaries. The consequence: 'their anger was greatly kindled' (יחר אפו מאד) against Judah. The mercenary force, rejected and unpaid, becomes a future threat. Obedience to the prophet creates immediate political liability.

2 Chronicles 25:9

The Edomite campaign — 'Amaziah took courage, and led out his people, and went to the Valley of Salt and struck down ten thousand men of Seir' (ויאמץ אמציה את לבו ויוצא את עמו וַיֵּלְכוּ אֶל־גֵּי־הַמִּלַּח וַיַּכּוּ אֶת־בְנֵי־שֵׂעִיר עֲשֶׂרֶת אֲלָפִים). Amaziah leads his reduced force against Seir (Edom), striking the Edomites in the Valley of Salt (גיא המלח). The victory — 10,000 Edomites killed — suggests a decisive military success. The campaign represents Amaziah asserting Judahite power over tributaries.

2 Chronicles 25:10

The additional victory — 'And Amaziah captured ten thousand men alive, and took them to the top of a cliff, and cast them down from the top of the cliff, and they were all dashed to pieces' (ובני שׂעיר עשׂרת אלפים חיים שׁבה אמציה והביאם אל ראש הקיר ויזרקם מראש הקיר וכלם נשׁתברו). Amaziah captures 10,000 additional Edomites alive and executes them by casting them from a cliff. The phrase 'dashed to pieces' (כלם נשׁתברו) emphasizes the brutality. The execution of prisoners, while militarily rational, violates norms of mercy. This brutal victory will provoke later retaliation.

2 Chronicles 25:11

The post-victory apostasy — idol worship — 'But Amaziah did not take the gods of the people of Seir home with him, and set them up as his gods, and worshiped them, and made offerings to them' (והלוואי לא הביא אמציה את אלהי בני שׂעיר ויעמידם לו לאלהים וישׁתחו לפניהם ויקטר להם). Contradicting the expected pattern (taking the gods of conquered peoples), Amaziah instead 'set them up as his gods' (יעמידם לו לאלהים) and worships them. The verbs ישׁתחו (worship) and יקטר (make offerings) indicate cultic devotion. The apostasy represents the spiritual consequence of the military victory; military strength leads the king away from covenantal loyalty.

2 Chronicles 25:12

The prophet's reproach — 'Therefore the LORD sent a prophet to him, asking,

2 Chronicles 25:13

The prophet's self-protective conclusion — 'So the prophet stopped, but said,

2 Chronicles 25:14

Amaziah's ambition — the northern challenge — 'Now Amaziah, having come back from the slaughter of the Edomites, sent messengers to the king of Israel, saying,

2 Chronicles 25:15

The northern response — Jehoash's taunt — 'But Joash king of Israel sent word to Amaziah king of Judah,

2 Chronicles 25:16

Amaziah's determination to fight — the battle — 'So Amaziah would not listen; for it was of God, to hand them over to Jehoash, because they had sought the gods of Edom' (ולא שׁמע אמציה כי מאלהים היא להביאם בידו כי שׁאלו באלהי אדום). The phrase 'it was of God, to hand them over' (מאלהים היא להביאם) indicates that God causes Amaziah's determination to fight. The divine punishment: because the king 'sought the gods of Edom' (שׁאלו באלהי אדום), God allows him to be defeated. Apostasy leads to military catastrophe.

2 Chronicles 25:17

The battle — Amaziah's defeat — 'So Jehoash king of Israel went up; and he and Amaziah king of Judah faced off at Beth-shemesh, which belongs to Judah' (ויעל יואשׁ מלך ישׂראל ויתגרו הוא ואמציה מלך יהודה בבית שׁמשׁ אשׁר ליהודה). The forces meet at Beth-shemesh (בית שׁמשׁ, House of the Sun), a border town on the Israel-Judah boundary. The verb תגרו (faced off, engaged) indicates battle. The note 'which belongs to Judah' asserts Judahite territorial claim, yet Amaziah is defeated on his own soil.

2 Chronicles 25:18

The military outcome — Judah's rout — 'And Judah was defeated by Israel, and every man fled to his home' (ויינגף יהודה לפני ישׂראל ויברחו איש לאהליו). The defeat (ניגף, struck/smitten) is total; the Judahite forces flee in disarray. The phrase 'every man fled to his home' (יברחו איש לאהליו) emphasizes the rout — the army dissolves into a panicked mob.

2 Chronicles 25:19

Amaziah captured and humiliated — 'And Jehoash king of Israel captured Amaziah king of Judah, the son of Joash, son of Ahaziah, at Beth-shemesh, and brought him to Jerusalem, and broke down the wall of Jerusalem from the Gate of Ephraim to the Corner Gate, a distance of four hundred cubits' (ויאחז יואשׁ מלך ישׂראל את אמציה מלך יהודה בן יואשׁ בן אחזיהו בבית שׁמשׁ ויביאהו ירושׁלמה ויפרץ את חומת ירושׁלם משׁער אפרים עד שׁער הפנים ארבע מאות אמה). Jehoash captures the king and brings him to Jerusalem. The destruction of Jerusalem's walls — from the Gate of Ephraim (שׁער אפרים) to the Corner Gate, spanning 400 cubits (approximately 200 yards) — represents a humiliating breach of the capital's fortifications. The destruction demonstrates Judah's military impotence.

2 Chronicles 25:20

Plunder of the temple and palace — 'And he took all the gold and silver, and all the vessels that were found in the house of God with Obed-edom, and the treasures of the king's house, also hostages, and then returned to Samaria' (ויקח את כל הזהב והכסף וכל הכלים הנמצאים בבית אלהים עם עבד אדם ותשׁואות בית המלך וגם בני תעורות וישׁב שׁמרונה). Jehoash plunders the temple treasures, palace valuables, and takes hostages (בני תעורות, sons of hostages). The specific mention of Obed-edom (mentioned in 1 Chronicles as guardian of temple valuables) indicates knowledge of temple organization. The hostages ensure Judah's compliance with Israelite hegemony.

2 Chronicles 25:21

Amaziah's extended reign — survival — 'Now Amaziah the son of Joash, king of Judah, lived fifteen years after the death of Jehoash son of Jehoahaz, king of Israel' (ויחי אמציה בן יואשׁ מלך יהודה אחרי מות יואשׁ בן יהואחז מלך ישׂראל חמש עשׂרה שׁנה). Amaziah survives for 15 years after Jehoash's death, suggesting that he continued as a vassal king, stripped of power but retaining the throne. The lengthy survival indicates that his reign extended well into the post-defeat period.

2 Chronicles 25:22

The conspiracy and flight — 'Now the rest of the acts of Amaziah, from first to last, are they not written in the Book of the Kings of Judah and Israel?' (וישׁאר דברי אמציה הראשׁנים והאחרונים הלא הם כתובים בספר מלכי יהודה וישׂראל). The reference to a 'Book of the Kings of Judah and Israel' suggests a northern source or unified account. The phrase 'from first to last' (הראשׁנים והאחרונים) encompasses his entire reign.

2 Chronicles 25:23

The conspiracy against Amaziah — his flight — 'And when Amaziah turned away from the LORD, they made a conspiracy against him in Jerusalem, and he fled to Lachish. But they sent after him to Lachish, and killed him there' (וּמִן־הַזְּמָן אֲשֶׁר־סָר אַמְצְיָהוּ מֵאַחֲרֵי יְהוָה קַשְׁרוּ עָלָיו קְשֶׁר בִּירוּשָׁלִַם וַיִּנְס לָכִישׁ וַיִּשְׁלְחוּ אַחֲרָיו לָכִישׁ וַיְמִיתוּהוּ שׁם). The text explicitly connects Amaziah's apostasy ('turned away from the LORD') to the conspiracy. He flees to Lachish (לכישׁ), a fortified city to the southwest. His pursuers find him and execute him there. The flight and distant execution suggest Amaziah's loss of secure protection; he dies far from his capital.

2 Chronicles 25:24

The recovery of the body — burial honor — 'And they brought him back on horses and buried him with his ancestors in the city of David' (ויקחוהו על הסוסים ויקברוהו עם אבתיו בעיר דוד). Despite his downfall, Amaziah receives royal burial 'in the city of David' (בעיר דוד), indicating that the people still recognize him as a legitimate Davidic king despite his failures. The burial with ancestors provides a modest honor that contrasts with the humiliation of his assassination and flight. The cycle of Amaziah's reign is complete: initial strength, apostasy, military defeat, conspiracy, assassination, and finally royal burial.

2 Chronicles 25:25

The recording that Amaziah son of Joash lived fifteen years after Joash's death establishes the chronological relationship between kings and provides a historical framework for understanding the extended temporal span of covenantal judgment that eventually claims even partially faithful rulers. Amaziah's survival for a substantial period after his father's death demonstrates that partial faithfulness yields partial blessing, though the verse's notation sets the stage for the reversal and judgment that will follow his spiritual compromise. The specification of this temporal detail creates narrative expectation, inviting readers to understand Amaziah's extended life not as ultimate vindication but as a period within which his faithfulness will be tested and found insufficient. This verse's chronological precision participates in the Chronicles writer's project of mapping judgment and blessing across multiple generations, demonstrating that divine justice operates across extended temporal spans yet remains consistent in its application.

2 Chronicles 25:26

The reference to Amaziah's remaining exploits being recorded in the book of the Kings of Israel and Judah establishes that his complete account transcends the narrative summary provided in Chronicles and exists within broader historical documentation. This archival reference affirms that the Chronicles narrative operates selectively, highlighting theological exemplarity rather than comprehensive biographical detail, inviting readers to consult fuller records for complete information. The specification of ''his exploits'' suggests that despite his ultimate failure to remain faithful, Amaziah's reign involved significant activities and decisions worthy of historical record, indicating that historical consequence derives not from the absence of activity but from the spiritual orientation underlying one's actions. This verse acknowledges the limits of the Chronicles account while affirming its theological sufficiency, suggesting that understanding the causes of blessing and curse does not require comprehensive biographical detail but rather discernment of the spiritual principles governing historical consequences.

2 Chronicles 25:27

The turning point in which some conspiracy against Amaziah in Jerusalem motivates his flight to Lachish establishes the political consequences of his spiritual apostasy, demonstrating that failure to maintain covenantal faithfulness generates social instability and political conspiracy. The emergence of conspiracy suggests that Amaziah's authority, once rooted in successful military campaigns and initial faithfulness, becomes compromised by his subsequent turn toward the gods of Edom, generating doubt and opposition among the leadership. Lachish, a significant fortified city, becomes his refuge yet proves insufficient sanctuary, prefiguring his ultimate demise and suggesting that political flight cannot resolve crises rooted in covenant violation. This verse presents political instability as the inevitable social consequence of spiritual apostasy, indicating that personal faithlessness generates the conditions for conspiracy and rebellion within the political order.

2 Chronicles 25:28

The death of Amaziah at Lachish and the return of his body to Jerusalem for burial among his fathers completes the narrative arc of his reign by demonstrating that despite his ultimate unfaithfulness and the political turmoil it generated, he retained sufficient legitimacy to be buried as a king. His death away from Jerusalem yet followed by restoration to the ancestral sepulcher suggests qualified blessing: judgment upon his apostasy manifested in the conspiracy and flight, yet grace extended in allowing him burial dignity as a member of the covenantal dynasty. The verse's stark account of his death and burial establishes the sober reality that kings who turn from covenant faithfulness face inevitable judgment, yet the dynastic continuity persists, suggesting that God's purposes transcend individual failure. This verse completes the theological-historical narrative that began with Amaziah's initial faithfulness, traced his gradual compromise and explicit apostasy, witnessed the political consequences in conspiracy, and concludes with judgment tempered by the preservation of covenantal form through dynastic burial practice.