HolyStudy
Home
Bible
Read BibleTopicsReading Plans
Worship
Worship of the DayDaily PrayersSaint of the DayChurch Calendar
Tradition
EncyclopediaChurch FathersSaintsCouncilsCreedsHeresies
ReflectionsConnection Map↗Support HolyStudy
HolyStudy
ReflectionsConnection Map↗Support HolyStudy
Sign in
HolyStudy

Read the Scriptures and pray with the mind of the Church.

Bible

  • Read Bible
  • Topics
  • Reading Plans

Worship

  • Worship of the Day
  • Daily Prayers
  • Saint of the Day
  • Church Calendar

Tradition

  • Encyclopedia
  • Church Fathers
  • Saints
  • Councils
  • Creeds
  • Heresies

More

  • Reflections
  • Mission
  • Support HolyStudy
  • Contact
  • Connection Map ↗
© 2026 HolyStudy
PrivacyTerms
HolyStudy
Home
Bible
Read BibleTopicsReading Plans
Worship
Worship of the DayDaily PrayersSaint of the DayChurch Calendar
Tradition
EncyclopediaChurch FathersSaintsCouncilsCreedsHeresies
ReflectionsConnection Map↗Support HolyStudy
HolyStudy
ReflectionsConnection Map↗Support HolyStudy
Sign in
Law
History
Poetry & Wisdom
Major Prophets
Minor Prophets

1 Samuel 30

Now when David and his men came to Ziklag on the third day, the Amalekites had made a raid against the Negeb and against Ziklag. They had overcome Ziklag and burned it with fire

and taken captive the women and all who were in it, both small and great. They killed no one, but carried them off and went their way.

And when David and his men came to the city, they found it burned with fire, and their wives and sons and daughters taken captive.

Then David and the people who were with him raised their voices and wept until they had no more strength to weep.

David’s two wives also had been taken captive, Ahinoam of Jezreel and Abigail the widow of Nabal of Carmel.

And David was greatly distressed, for the people spoke of stoning him, because all the people were bitter in soul, each for his sons and daughters. But David strengthened himself in the LORD his God.

And David said to Abiathar the priest, the son of Ahimelech, “Bring me the ephod.” So Abiathar brought the ephod to David.

And David inquired of the LORD, “Shall I pursue after this band? Shall I overtake them?” He answered him, “Pursue, for you shall surely overtake and shall surely rescue.”

So David set out, and the six hundred men who were with him, and they came to the brook Besor, where those who were left behind stayed.

But David pursued, he and four hundred men. Two hundred stayed behind, who were too exhausted to cross the brook Besor.

They found an Egyptian in the open country and brought him to David. And they gave him bread and he ate. They gave him water to drink,

and they gave him a piece of a cake of figs and two clusters of raisins. And when he had eaten, his spirit revived, for he had not eaten bread or drunk water for three days and three nights.

And David said to him, “To whom do you belong? And where are you from?” He said, “I am a young man of Egypt, servant to an Amalekite, and my master left me behind because I fell sick three days ago.

We had made a raid against the Negeb of the Cherethites and against that which belongs to Judah and against the Negeb of Caleb, and we burned Ziklag with fire.”

And David said to him, “Will you take me down to this band?” And he said, “Swear to me by God that you will not kill me or deliver me into the hands of my master, and I will take you down to this band.”

And when he had taken him down, behold, they were spread abroad over all the land, eating and drinking and dancing, because of all the great spoil they had taken from the land of the Philistines and from the land of Judah.

And David struck them down from twilight until the evening of the next day, and not a man of them escaped, except four hundred young men, who mounted camels and fled.

David recovered all that the Amalekites had taken, and David rescued his two wives.

Nothing was missing, whether small or great, sons or daughters, spoil or anything that had been taken. David brought back all.

David also captured all the flocks and herds, and the people drove the livestock before him, and said, “This is David’s spoil.”

Then David came to the two hundred men who had been too exhausted to follow David, and who had been left at the brook Besor. And they went out to meet David and to meet the people who were with him. And when David came near to the people he greeted them.

Then all the wicked and worthless fellows among the men who had gone with David said, “Because they did not go with us, we will not give them any of the spoil that we have recovered, except that each man may lead away his wife and children, and depart.”

But David said, “You shall not do so, my brothers, with what the LORD has given us. He has preserved us and given into our hand the band that came against us.

Who would listen to you in this matter? For as his share is who goes down into the battle, so shall his share be who stays by the baggage. They shall share alike.”

And he made it a statute and a rule for Israel from that day forward to this day.

When David came to Ziklag, he sent part of the spoil to his friends, the elders of Judah, saying, “Here is a present for you from the spoil of the enemies of the LORD.”

It was for those in Bethel, in Ramoth of the Negeb, in Jattir,

in Aroer, in Siphmoth, in Eshtemoa,

in Racal, in the cities of the Jerahmeelites, in the cities of the Kenites,

in Hormah, in Bor-ashan, in Athach,

in Hebron, for all the places where David and his men had roamed.

Scripture quotations marked “ESV” are from the ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®), © 2001 by Crossway. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

← Previous chapterNext chapter →

1 Samuel 30

David returns to Ziklag to discover that the Amalekites have raided the city, captured the people (including David's wives, Ahinoam and Abigail), and taken all the plunder (30:1-5); David's men, bereft and angry, speak of stoning him (30:6)—a moment of profound crisis in which David's leadership is questioned and his grief is overcome only by his trust: 'David found strength in the LORD his God' (30:6). David pursues the Amalekites with his followers and encounters an Egyptian slave who had been abandoned by the Amalekites; the slave guides them, and David's force defeats the Amalekites, rescuing all the captives and recovering all the plunder (30:18-19). David distributes the plunder among his followers and the elders of Judah (30:26-31), establishing his reputation and loyalty among the southern tribes; the chapter shows David's growth in leadership: his trust in the LORD during crisis, his successful military action, and his wise distribution of spoils all demonstrate a kingship grounded in covenant faith and generous stewardship.

1 Samuel 30:7

And David said to Abiathar the priest, the son of Ahimelech, 'I pray thee, bring me hither the ephod.' And Abiathar brought thither the ephod to David

1 Samuel 30:19

And there was nothing lacking to them, neither small nor great, neither sons nor daughters, neither spoil, nor any thing that they had taken to them: David recovered all

1 Samuel 30:1

And it came to pass, when David and his men were come to Ziklag on the third day, that the Amalekites had invaded the south, and Ziklag, and smitten Ziklag with fire

1 Samuel 30:2

And had taken the women captives, that were therein: they slew not any, either great or small, but carried them away, and went on their way

1 Samuel 30:3

So David and his men came to the city, and, behold, it was burned with fire; and their wives, and their sons, and their daughters, were taken captives

1 Samuel 30:4

Then David and the people that were with him lifted up their voice and wept, until they had no more power to weep

1 Samuel 30:5

And David's two wives were taken captives, Ahinoam of Jezreel, and Abigail the wife of Nabal of Carmel

1 Samuel 30:6

And David was greatly distressed; for the people spake of stoning him, because the soul of all the people was grieved, every man for his sons and for his daughters: but David encouraged himself in the LORD his God

1 Samuel 30:8

And David enquired at the LORD, saying, 'Shall I pursue after this troop? shall I overtake them?' And he answered him, 'Pursue: for thou shalt surely overtake them, and without fail recover all' — David's inquiry ('vayyišʾal dāwīd baYHWH leʾēmōr) and God's answer ('vayyo mar ləəô rəədôf) establish divine endorsement for the pursuit. The promise ('natsûaʿ taśîg vanishlšt-hakol') guarantees both victory and recovery of the captives.

1 Samuel 30:9

So David went, he and the six hundred men that were with him, and came to the brook Besor; and those that were left behind stayed there

1 Samuel 30:10

But David pursued, he and four hundred men: for two hundred abode behind, because they were so faint that they could not go over the brook Besor

1 Samuel 30:11

And they found an Egyptian, a young man, and gave him bread to eat, and water to drink

1 Samuel 30:12

And they gave him a piece of a cake of figs, and two clusters of raisins: and when he had eaten, his spirit came again to him: for he had eaten no bread, nor drunk any water, three days and three nights

1 Samuel 30:13

And David said unto him, 'To whom belongest thou? and whence art thou?' And he said, 'I am a young man of Egypt, servant to an Amalekite; and my master left me, because three days agone I fell sick'

1 Samuel 30:14

'We made an invasion of the south of the Cherethites, and upon that which belongeth to Judah, and upon the south of Caleb; and we burnt Ziklag with fire'

1 Samuel 30:15

'Now if thou wilt swear unto me by God, that thou wilt neither kill me, nor deliver me into the hands of my master, then I will bring thee down to this troop'

1 Samuel 30:16

And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad upon all the earth, eating and drinking, and dancing, because of all the great spoil that they had taken out of the land of the Philistines, and out of the land of Judah

1 Samuel 30:17

And David smote them from the twilight even unto the evening of the next day: and there escaped not a man of them, save four hundred young men, which rode upon camels, and fled

1 Samuel 30:18

And David recovered all that the Amalekites had carried away: and David rescued his two wives

1 Samuel 30:20

And David took all the flocks and the herds, which they drave before those other cattle, and said, 'This is David's spoil' — the spoil ('vayyaqaḥ dāwīd ʾet-kol-ṣōʾn veʾet-ḥēq ûnisᵊʿû lipnê hazzō ûvayyōmrû zeh šelāl dāwīd') becomes a prize of war. The declaration ('zeh šelāl dāwīd') claims this wealth for the victor and his forces.

1 Samuel 30:21

And David came to the two hundred men, which were so faint that they could not follow David, whom also they had made to abide at the brook Besor: and they went out to meet David, and to meet the people that were with him: and when David came near to the people, he saluted them

1 Samuel 30:22

Then answered all the wicked men and men of Belial, of those that went with David, and said, 'Because they went not with us, we will not give them ought of the spoil that we have recovered, save to every man his wife and his children, that they may lead them away, and depart'

1 Samuel 30:23

Then said David, 'Ye shall not do so, my brethren, with that which the LORD hath given us, who hath preserved us, and delivered the company that came against us into our hand'

1 Samuel 30:24

'For who will hearken unto you in this matter? but as his share is that goeth down to the battle, so shall his share be that tarrieth by the stuff: they shall share alike'

1 Samuel 30:25

And it was so from that day forward, that he made it a statute and an ordinance for Israel unto this day

1 Samuel 30:26

And when David came to Ziklag, he sent of the spoil unto the elders of Judah, even to his friends, saying, 'Behold, a present for you of the spoil of the enemies of the LORD'

1 Samuel 30:27

To them which were in Bethel, and to them which were in South Ramoth, and to them which were in Jattir

1 Samuel 30:28

And to them which were in Aroer, and to them which were in Siphmoth, and to them which were in Eshtemoa

1 Samuel 30:29

And to them which were in Rachal, and to them which were in the cities of the Jerahmeelites, and to them which were in the cities of the Kenites

1 Samuel 30:30

And to them which were in Hormah, and to them which were in Cor-ashan, and to them which were in Athach

1 Samuel 30:31

And to them which were in Hebron, and to all the places where David himself and his men were wont to haunt