1 Corinthians 16
Concerning the collection for the saints in Jerusalem, Paul instructs them to set aside and store up on the first day of each week in proportion to what each has earned, so that no collections need be made when he arrives. Timothy will come to them as Paul's representative in the work of the Lord; let no one despise him but send him on his way in peace to rejoin Paul. Apollos strongly resisted coming now but will come when opportunity arises. Paul urges them to be watchful, to stand firm in the faith, to be courageous and strong, and to let all they do be done in love. The household of Stephanas has devoted themselves to the service of the saints as the firstfruits of Achaia, and Paul appeals to them to be subject to such as these and to every fellow worker and laborer. With Maranatha—our Lord, come!—Paul pronounces his benediction: the grace of the Lord Jesus be with you, and my love to all of you in Christ Jesus.
1 Corinthians 16:12
Now about our brother Apollos: I strongly urged him to go to you with the other brothers. He was quite unwilling to go now, but he will go when he has the opportunity — Apollos (a faction-figure in 1:12) had declined immediate travel to Corinth but Paul assured the Corinthians he will visit eventually. The delicacy suggests Paul mediates between Apollos and the church.
1 Corinthians 16:13
Be on your guard; stand firm in the faith; be courageous and strong — the exhortation is four-fold: vigilance (grêgoreô: watch, be alert), steadfastness (stêkô: stand firm), courage (andrízō: be brave), and strength (katischyó: have power). These virtues counterbalance theological learning with moral resolve.
1 Corinthians 16:14
Do everything in love — the summum bonum: all the Corinthians' actions (everything, panta) must be animated by agapê (love). This echoes 13:4-7; love is the supreme measure of authentic apostolic life.
1 Corinthians 16:15
You know that the household of Stephanas were the first converts in Achaia, and they have devoted themselves to the service of the Lord's people — Stephanas's house is recognized as aparchê (firstfruits) of Achaia, honored for prioritizing service (diákonos) to the saints. Their commitment is exemplary.
1 Corinthians 16:16
I urge you to submit to such people and to everyone who joins in the work, and labors at it — Paul exhorts the Corinthians to subordinate themselves (hypotássō: to arrange under) to those who labor sacrificially. This is not authoritarian hierarchy but recognition of Spirit-empowered service.
1 Corinthians 16:17
I am glad when Stephanas, Fortunatus and Achaicus arrived, because they have supplied what was lacking from you — these three have brought Corinthian communication to Paul, filling a gap (hysterêma: deficiency) in information and relationship. Their presence gladdens Paul.