“Ye have heard that it hath been said, Thou shalt love thy neighbour, and hate thine enemy.”
You have heard that it was said, You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy. The sixth and final antithesis introduces a saying that is partially biblical (love your neighbor is from Leviticus 19:18) and partially traditional (hate your enemy appears nowhere in the Hebrew scriptures). The tradition had apparently reasoned from love your neighbor to the implied converse: if neighbor-love is commanded, then enemy-hatred is permitted or even required. Jesus denies this inference and challenges both the identification of neighbor with the in-group and the permission to hate anyone.
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