“And if a soul sin, and hear the voice of swearing, and is a witness, whether he hath seen or known of it; if he do not utter it, then he shall bear his iniquity.”
If anyone sins because they do not speak up when they hear a public charge to testify regarding something they have seen or learned about, they will be held responsible. The sin offering section continues with specific cases of inadvertent or neglected obligation. The first case is the failure to testify: hearing a public call for witnesses and remaining silent when one has relevant knowledge. The sin is not commission but omission — the failure to speak when speech was required. Proverbs 29:24 says whoever is an accomplice of a thief is their own enemy; they are put under oath and dare not testify — the silence that Leviticus 5:1 addresses is the same silence Proverbs identifies as moral complicity. The sin of omission requires the same sin offering as the sin of commission.
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