We have made a pact with Egypt and Assyria, to get enough bread—the verse describes diplomatic negotiations for survival; the people have sought alliances with powerful nations in hopes of gaining food and protection. The reference to Egypt and Assyria (the two superpowers of the ancient world) suggests that Israel has become so weakened that it must seek foreign support. Theologically, the verse suggests a failure of self-sufficiency; Israel must rely on foreign powers for survival. The pacts may reference forced vassalage rather than genuine alliances; the people have submitted to foreign rule. The verse emphasizes that the loss of independence is complete; Israel must look to others for bread. Yet the active seeking of help suggests some agency; the people are not entirely passive but are attempting to ensure survival.

COMMUNITY REFLECTIONS

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