Yet these people slander whatever they do not understand, and the very things they do understand by instinct as unreasoning animals—these are the things that destroy them — in contrast to Michael's restraint, the false teachers blaspheme realities beyond their comprehension (dikainai per ta, literally 'they speak evil of things they know not'), revealing the irrational nature of their rebellion. The comparison to 'unreasoning animals' (alogois zōois, literally 'animals without reason') suggests that their understanding is merely instinctive and sensual, incapable of grasping truth, and that their destructive trajectory is rooted in this fundamental epistemological failure. Their condemnation is not arbitrary but self-inflicted, arising from the necessary consequence of rejecting truth and divine order.

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