Og's kingdom — And Og king of Bashan, of the remnant of the Rephaim (מִיֶּתֶר הָרְפָאִים), who lived at Ashtaroth and at Edrei. Og, the second Transjordan king, rules Bashan, a northern region known for giants (the Rephaim). His capitals—Ashtaroth and Edrei—identify him as a major northern Transjordan power. The phrase 'remnant of the Rephaim' recalls the Anakim eliminated west of Jordan, suggesting that Transjordan retained ancient giant populations.

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