The final three peoples: the Amorites, Canaanites, Girgashites, and Jebusites. The Jebusites, who hold Jerusalem before David captures it, are named last — a subtle anticipation of the city's eventual significance. The Amorites and Canaanites are the two most frequently mentioned indigenous peoples in the conquest narratives. The full list of ten peoples encompasses the entire ethnic and geographic composition of the promised land. Deuteronomy 7:1 identifies seven nations for Israel to drive out; here ten are named. The ten-nation list may be the complete scope from which the seven-nation subset is drawn. The application: the covenant of Genesis 15 — ratified by God walking between the pieces — is the foundation of every subsequent act of inheritance in the biblical story. The land promised here is the stage on which redemption's story will unfold, from Abraham's tent to David's throne to Jesus' cross.

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