Japheth's son Gomer has sons: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah. These three names correspond to peoples of the Caucasus and Black Sea regions — Ashkenaz is associated with the Scythians in ancient Near Eastern texts (and the name will later be applied to European Jewish communities). Ezekiel 38:6 includes Togarmah among the nations allied with Gog, connecting this genealogy to later prophetic literature. The genealogy deepens with each generation, showing how the three sons of Noah become, within a few generations, a dozen, then dozens, then hundreds of distinct peoples. The spread is organic and generational — not miraculous but entirely under God's governance. Psalm 22:27–28 declares that all the ends of the earth will turn to the LORD, and all the families of the nations will bow before him — every name in Genesis 10 is a family included in that eventual turning. The genealogy is the table of invitees to Psalm 22's gathering.

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