“And you hath he quickened, who were dead in trespasses and sins;”
As for you, you were dead in your transgressions and sins — the declaration nekroi ('dead') uses spiritual language: the Gentile converts were dead not physically but in the domain of sin (paraptōmata, 'transgressions,' and hamartiai, 'sins'), spiritually inert before encountering Christ, cut off from the life of God.
Church Fathers on Ephesians 2:1
There is, we know, a corporal, and there is also a spiritual, dying. Of the first it is no crime to partake, nor is there any peril in it, inasmuch as there is no blame attached to it, for it is a matter of nature, not of deliberate choice. It had its origin in the transgression of the first-created man, and thenceforward in its issue it passed into a nature, and, at all events, will quickly be brought to a termination; whereas this spiritual dying, being a matter of…
Nicene & Post-Nicene / Ante-Nicene Fathers translations · public domain
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