The imagery of the sun rising and setting in its weary circuit epitomizes natural repetition without progress, a perpetual return that mirrors the cycles of human effort and exhaustion. Qohelet observes nature not as a Psalmist might—celebrating divine handiwork—but as a phenomenologist marking the mechanical recurrence of phenomena that promise nothing new. The implication is that both cosmic and human spheres operate within cycles of futility, bound to patterns that offer no ultimate escape or novelty.

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