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Additions to Esther

16Chapters
117Verses
0Notes
0Reflections
Book Introduction

The Greek edition of Esther expands the Hebrew story with six additions: Mordecai's apocalyptic dream and its interpretation, the texts of the royal edicts, Esther's dramatic entrance before the king, and above all the prayers of Mordecai and Esther. Where the Hebrew book famously never names God, the additions make the hidden explicit, filling the story with petition, providence, and praise. Catholics and Orthodox receive these portions as deuterocanonical Scripture within Esther; Protestants set them apart as apocryphal, since they are absent from the Hebrew text. Read together, they show how Greek-speaking Jews prayed their way through Esther.

Author

Unknown; Greek additions attributed in the colophon to Lysimachus of Jerusalem

Date

Additions from the 2nd–1st century BC

Audience

Greek-speaking Jews of the diaspora, especially in Egypt

Purpose

To retell Esther's deliverance with God's name, prayers, and providence made explicit for a Greek-speaking Jewish audience.

Key Themes
God's hidden providence revealedPrayer in mortal dangerReversal of the wickedCourage before kingsIsrael preserved among nations
Book Outline
1–2Mordecai's dream; Vashti deposed and Esther made queen
3–4Haman's decree; mourning and the prayers of Mordecai and Esther
5–7Esther's entrance and banquets; Haman's fall
8–10The counter-decree, deliverance, Purim, and the dream interpreted
11–16The additions gathered: dream, edicts, and prayers in full
Key Verses
ALL CHAPTERS16 chapters